Biomaterial Database

Heterogeneity of rat skin heparin chains with high affinity for antithrombin. 1987

A A Horner

Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Subfractions of 35S-labelled rat skin heparin proteoglycans with various degrees of high affinity for antithrombin were obtained by gradient elution from a column of antithrombin-agarose. Heparin chains released from the proteoglycan preparations by beta-elimination with alkali were re-fractionated on the same column. Proportions of chains with high affinity for antithrombin (HA-chains) ranged from 17% to 76%. These separations also revealed three overlapping subfractions of HA-chains. Their proportions varied in a manner consistent with a stepwise increase in the degree of affinity of HA-chains for antithrombin, this presumably being due to the biosynthesis of increasing numbers of antithrombin-binding sites per chain. The anticoagulant activity, with respect to thrombin neutralization, ranged from 32 units/mg to 287 units/mg. It is suggested that HA-chains may have from one to five or six antithrombin-binding sites. Thus the asymmetric distribution of these sites in rat skin heparin proteoglycans is much more marked than was realized from the earlier work of Horner & Young [(1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 8749-8754].

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011485	Protein Binding	The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.	Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D011509	Proteoglycans	Glycoproteins which have a very high polysaccharide content.	Proteoglycan,Proteoglycan Type H
D001777	Blood Coagulation	The process of the interaction of BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS that results in an insoluble FIBRIN clot.	Blood Clotting,Coagulation, Blood,Blood Clottings,Clotting, Blood
D002846	Chromatography, Affinity	A chromatographic technique that utilizes the ability of biological molecules, often ANTIBODIES, to bind to certain ligands specifically and reversibly. It is used in protein biochemistry. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Chromatography, Bioaffinity,Immunochromatography,Affinity Chromatography,Bioaffinity Chromatography
D002850	Chromatography, Gel	Chromatography on non-ionic gels without regard to the mechanism of solute discrimination.	Chromatography, Exclusion,Chromatography, Gel Permeation,Chromatography, Molecular Sieve,Gel Filtration,Gel Filtration Chromatography,Chromatography, Size Exclusion,Exclusion Chromatography,Gel Chromatography,Gel Permeation Chromatography,Molecular Sieve Chromatography,Chromatography, Gel Filtration,Exclusion Chromatography, Size,Filtration Chromatography, Gel,Filtration, Gel,Sieve Chromatography, Molecular,Size Exclusion Chromatography
D006493	Heparin	A highly acidic mucopolysaccharide formed of equal parts of sulfated D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid with sulfaminic bridges. The molecular weight ranges from six to twenty thousand. Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver, lung, mast cells, etc., of vertebrates. Its function is unknown, but it is used to prevent blood clotting in vivo and vitro, in the form of many different salts.	Heparinic Acid,alpha-Heparin,Heparin Sodium,Liquaemin,Sodium Heparin,Unfractionated Heparin,Heparin, Sodium,Heparin, Unfractionated,alpha Heparin
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000990	Antithrombin III	A plasma alpha 2 glycoprotein that accounts for the major antithrombin activity of normal plasma and also inhibits several other enzymes. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	Heparin Cofactor I,Antithrombin III-Alpha,Atenativ,Heparin Co-Factor I,Kybernin,Serpin C1,Thrombate III,Antithrombin III Alpha,Antithrombin IIIAlpha,Cofactor I, Heparin,Heparin Co Factor I
D001665	Binding Sites	The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.	Combining Site,Binding Site,Combining Sites,Site, Binding,Site, Combining,Sites, Binding,Sites, Combining
D012867	Skin	The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.