Biomaterial Database

Androgen and estrogen metabolism: relationship to obesity. 1986

C Longcope, and R Baker, and C C Johnston

Adipose tissue contains both aromatase and 17 beta-steroid dehydrogenase activity. Therefore, to see whether there was a relationship between obesity and certain parameters of androgen and estrogen metabolism we infused 88 women, mean age 51.1 +/- 0.3 years and mean weight 140 +/- 3 lbs, with 3H-testosterone (T)/14C-estradiol (E2) and 3H-androstenedione (A)/14C-estrone (E1) on separate occasions. Blood samples were obtained during the infusion and all urine was collected for 4 days following the start of the infusion. The blood samples were analyzed for radioactivity as A, T, E1, E2, and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the urines were analyzed for radioactivity as E1 and E2. From these data we calculated the percent of A converted to T ([rho]A,TBB = percent of A infused measured as T in the blood), [rho]T,ABB [rho]E1,E2BB, and [rho]E2,E1BB. We also measured the ratio of radioactivity as 3H-DHT to radioactivity as 3H-A (CRA,DHT) and 3H-T (CRT,DHT) during the respective androgen infusions. From the ratio of 3H/14C as estrone or estradiol in the urine following 3H-A or 3H-T infusions, we calculated the percent of A or T that was aromatized to E1 or E2 ([rho]A,E1BM; [rho]T,E2BM). When the data from these women were related to weight or Quetelet's Index (QI = wt/ht2) by unweighted linear regression, the only values that were significantly correlated with weight and QI were [rho]T,E2BM and [rho]A,E1BM; for all other [rho] and CR values there was no correlation with weight or QI. We conclude that peripheral aromatization is positively correlated with adiposity but androgen interconversions and estrogen interconversions are not related to adiposity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008593	Menopause	The last menstrual period. Permanent cessation of menses (MENSTRUATION) is usually defined after 6 to 12 months of AMENORRHEA in a woman over 45 years of age. In the United States, menopause generally occurs in women between 48 and 55 years of age.	Change of Life, Female
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D009765	Obesity	A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).
D004967	Estrogens	Compounds that interact with ESTROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of ESTRADIOL. Estrogens stimulate the female reproductive organs, and the development of secondary female SEX CHARACTERISTICS. Estrogenic chemicals include natural, synthetic, steroidal, or non-steroidal compounds.	Estrogen,Estrogen Effect,Estrogen Effects,Estrogen Receptor Agonists,Estrogenic Agents,Estrogenic Compounds,Estrogenic Effect,Estrogenic Effects,Agents, Estrogenic,Agonists, Estrogen Receptor,Compounds, Estrogenic,Effects, Estrogen,Effects, Estrogenic,Receptor Agonists, Estrogen
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000273	Adipose Tissue	Specialized connective tissue composed of fat cells (ADIPOCYTES). It is the site of stored FATS, usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES. In mammals, there are two types of adipose tissue, the WHITE FAT and the BROWN FAT. Their relative distributions vary in different species with most adipose tissue being white.	Fatty Tissue,Body Fat,Fat Pad,Fat Pads,Pad, Fat,Pads, Fat,Tissue, Adipose,Tissue, Fatty
D000728	Androgens	Compounds that interact with ANDROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of TESTOSTERONE. Depending on the target tissues, androgenic effects can be on SEX DIFFERENTIATION; male reproductive organs, SPERMATOGENESIS; secondary male SEX CHARACTERISTICS; LIBIDO; development of muscle mass, strength, and power.	Androgen,Androgen Receptor Agonist,Androgen Effect,Androgen Effects,Androgen Receptor Agonists,Androgenic Agents,Androgenic Compounds,Agents, Androgenic,Agonist, Androgen Receptor,Agonists, Androgen Receptor,Compounds, Androgenic,Effect, Androgen,Effects, Androgen,Receptor Agonist, Androgen,Receptor Agonists, Androgen
D001141	Aromatase	An enzyme that catalyzes the desaturation (aromatization) of the ring A of C19 androgens and converts them to C18 estrogens. In this process, the 19-methyl is removed. This enzyme is membrane-bound, located in the endoplasmic reticulum of estrogen-producing cells of ovaries, placenta, testes, adipose, and brain tissues. Aromatase is encoded by the CYP19 gene, and functions in complex with NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE in the cytochrome P-450 system.	CYP19,Cytochrome P-450 CYP19,Cytochrome P-450(AROM),Androstenedione Aromatase,CYP 19,CYP19 Protein,Cytochrome P450 19,Estrogen Synthase,Estrogen Synthetase,P450AROM,Aromatase, Androstenedione,Cytochrome P 450 CYP19,Protein, CYP19
D013741	3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase	An enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of TESTOSTERONE to 5-ALPHA DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE.	3-Keto-5-alpha-Steroid delta-4-Dehydrogenase,5-alpha-Reductase, Testosterone,Testosterone 5-alpha-Reductase,Testosterone delta-4-5-alpha-Reductase,3-oxo-5 alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase (NADP+),3-oxo-5alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase (NADP+),4-Ene-3-Oxosteroid-5alpha-Reductase,4-Ene-5-alpha-Reductase,NADH-5-alpha-Reductase,NADPH delta(4)-3-Ketosteroid 5 alpha-Oxidoreductase,Steroid 5-alpha-Reductase,Steroid 5Alpha Reductase,Steroid delta-4-5-alpha Reductase,delta 4-3-keto Steroid 5 alpha-Oxidoreductase,delta(4)-3-Ketosteroid-5alpha-Reductase,delta4-3-ketosteroid 5alpha-Oxidoreductase,3 Keto 5 alpha Steroid delta 4 Dehydrogenase,3 Oxo 5 alpha Steroid 4 Dehydrogenase,4 Ene 3 Oxosteroid 5alpha Reductase,4 Ene 5 alpha Reductase,5 alpha Reductase, Testosterone,5-alpha-Reductase, Steroid,5Alpha Reductase, Steroid,5alpha-Oxidoreductase, delta4-3-ketosteroid,NADH 5 alpha Reductase,Reductase, Steroid 5Alpha,Reductase, Steroid delta-4-5-alpha,Steroid 5 alpha Reductase,Steroid delta 4 5 alpha Reductase,Testosterone 5 alpha Reductase,Testosterone delta 4 5 alpha Reductase,delta 4 3 keto Steroid 5 alpha Oxidoreductase,delta-4-5-alpha Reductase, Steroid,delta-4-5-alpha-Reductase, Testosterone,delta-4-Dehydrogenase, 3-Keto-5-alpha-Steroid,delta4 3 ketosteroid 5alpha Oxidoreductase