Infection of the transplant bed caused an important morbidity and mortality. Meticulous preoperative preparation and surgical technique, the local irrigation of the transplant site with local antibiotics as well as the barrier-nursing of these high risk patients are all equally important factors to limit infectious complications in the transplant population. Since the use of the barrier-nursing principle, infection rate fell down from 8.1% to 3.6% for primary transplant wounds. The infection rate of the potentially contaminated wounds is much better than the pourcentage obtained in analogous interventions in general surgery. Nevertheless, despite these measures, re-intervention on a transplant still remains much more susceptible to infection because of the high technical difficulty of these interventions.