A rare unbalanced translocation (trisomy 5q33.3-qter, monosomy 13q34-qter) results in growth hormone deficiency and brain anomalies. 2021

Alyssa C M Joynt, and Ashish R Deshwar, and Jessica Zon, and Lucie Dupuis, and Diane K Wherrett, and Roberto Mendoza-Londono
Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Unbalanced translocations between the q arm of chromosomes 5 and 13 are exceedingly rare and there is only one reported case with distal trisomy 5q/monosomy 13q. In this report, we describe a second patient with a similar rearrangement arising from a paternal balanced translocation. Karyotype analysis was performed on the proband and their parents. Microarray was also conducted on the proband. Our patient was found to have global developmental delay, distinct facial features, short stature, growth hormone deficiency, delayed puberty, and brain anomalies including a small pituitary. Karyotype and microarray analysis revealed a terminal duplication of chromosome regions 5q33.3 to 5qter and a terminal deletion of chromosome regions 13q34 to 13qter that resulted from a balanced translocation in her father. The endocrine abnormalities and neuroimaging findings have not been previously described in patients with either copy number change. This case helps expand on the phenotype of patients with distal trisomy 5q/monosomy 13q as well as possibly providing useful information on the more common individual copy number changes.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D002872 Chromosome Deletion Actual loss of portion of a chromosome. Monosomy, Partial,Partial Monosomy,Deletion, Chromosome,Deletions, Chromosome,Monosomies, Partial,Partial Monosomies
D002882 Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 A specific pair of GROUP D CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification. Chromosome 13
D002895 Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 One of the two pairs of human chromosomes in the group B class (CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, 4-5). Chromosome 5
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013006 Growth Hormone A polypeptide that is secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Growth hormone, also known as somatotropin, stimulates mitosis, cell differentiation and cell growth. Species-specific growth hormones have been synthesized. Growth Hormone, Recombinant,Pituitary Growth Hormone,Recombinant Growth Hormone,Somatotropin,Somatotropin, Recombinant,Growth Hormone, Pituitary,Growth Hormones Pituitary, Recombinant,Pituitary Growth Hormones, Recombinant,Recombinant Growth Hormones,Recombinant Pituitary Growth Hormones,Recombinant Somatotropins,Somatotropins, Recombinant,Growth Hormones, Recombinant,Recombinant Somatotropin
D014178 Translocation, Genetic A type of chromosome aberration characterized by CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE and transfer of the broken-off portion to another location, often to a different chromosome. Chromosomal Translocation,Translocation, Chromosomal,Chromosomal Translocations,Genetic Translocation,Genetic Translocations,Translocations, Chromosomal,Translocations, Genetic
D014314 Trisomy The possession of a third chromosome of any one type in an otherwise diploid cell. Partial Trisomy,Chromosomal Triplication,Chromosomal Triplications,Partial Trisomies,Trisomies,Trisomies, Partial,Trisomy, Partial
D025063 Chromosome Disorders Clinical conditions caused by an abnormal chromosome constitution in which there is extra or missing chromosome material (either a whole chromosome or a chromosome segment). (from Thompson et al., Genetics in Medicine, 5th ed, p429) Autosomal Chromosome Disorders,Chromosome Abnormality Disorders,Chromosomal Disorders,Autosomal Chromosome Disorder,Chromosomal Disorder,Chromosome Abnormality Disorder,Chromosome Disorder,Chromosome Disorder, Autosomal,Chromosome Disorders, Autosomal,Disorder, Chromosomal,Disorder, Chromosome,Disorder, Chromosome Abnormality,Disorders, Chromosomal,Disorders, Chromosome

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