Promising Natural Compounds against Flavivirus Proteases: Citrus Flavonoids Hesperetin and Hesperidin. 2021

Raphael J Eberle, and Danilo S Olivier, and Marcos S Amaral, and Dieter Willbold, and Raghuvir K Arni, and Monika A Coronado
Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428 Jülich, Germany.

Ubiquitous in citrus plants, Hesperidin and Hesperetin flavanones possess several biological functions, including antiviral activity. Arbovirus infections pose an ever-increasing threat to global healthcare systems. Among the severe arboviral infections currently known are those caused by members of the Flavivirus genus, for example, Dengue Virus-DENV, Yellow Fever Virus-YFV, and West Nile Virus-WNV. In this study, we characterize the inhibitory effect of Hesperidin and Hesperetin against DENV2, YFV, and WNV NS2B/NS3 proteases. We report the noncompetitive inhibition of the NS2B/NS3pro by the two bioflavonoids with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values <5 µM for HST and <70 µM for HSD. The determined dissociation constants (KD) of both flavonoids is significantly below the threshold value of 30 µM. Our findings demonstrate that a new generation of anti-flavivirus drugs could be developed based on selective optimization of both molecules.

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