Biomaterial Database

[Monoclonal gammopathies]. 2021

Niels Abildgaard

niels.abildgaard@rsyd.dk.

Monoclonal gammopathies range from benign conditions to severe malignancies. A summary is given in this review. Overall, the prevalence is high; monoclonal gammopathies (MGUS) occur in > 3% of persons above 50 years of age. Approximately 400 new cases of multiple myeloma and 80 new cases of amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis are diagnosed yearly in Denmark. MGUS is most often asymptomatic, but M-protein associated syndromes exist and should be considered when finding M-protein. Serum free light kappa and lambda chain analysis, CT, PET/CT and whole-body MRI have revolutionised diagnostics and monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies. New treatment modalities have improved outcome in multiple myeloma and AL amyloidosis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008998	Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance	Conditions characterized by the presence of M protein (Monoclonal protein) in serum or urine without clinical manifestations of plasma cell dyscrasia.	Benign Monoclonal Gammopathies,Monoclonal Gammapathy of Undetermined Significance,Monoclonal Gammopathies, Benign,Monoclonal Gammapathies, Benign,Benign Monoclonal Gammapathies,Benign Monoclonal Gammapathy,Benign Monoclonal Gammopathy,Monoclonal Gammapathy, Benign,Monoclonal Gammopathy, Benign
D009101	Multiple Myeloma	A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	Myeloma, Plasma-Cell,Kahler Disease,Myeloma, Multiple,Myeloma-Multiple,Myelomatosis,Plasma Cell Myeloma,Cell Myeloma, Plasma,Cell Myelomas, Plasma,Disease, Kahler,Multiple Myelomas,Myeloma Multiple,Myeloma, Plasma Cell,Myeloma-Multiples,Myelomas, Multiple,Myelomas, Plasma Cell,Myelomas, Plasma-Cell,Myelomatoses,Plasma Cell Myelomas,Plasma-Cell Myeloma,Plasma-Cell Myelomas
D010265	Paraproteinemias	A group of related diseases characterized by an unbalanced or disproportionate proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing cells, usually from a single clone. These cells frequently secrete a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin (M-component) and/or an abnormal immunoglobulin.	Gammapathy, Monoclonal,Gammopathy, Monoclonal,Monoclonal Gammopathies,Paraimmunoglobulinemia,Paraimmunoglobulinemias,Paraproteinemia,Plasma Cell Dyscrasias,Monoclonal Gammapathies,Monoclonal Gammopathy,Cell Dyscrasia, Plasma,Dyscrasia, Plasma Cell,Monoclonal Gammapathy,Plasma Cell Dyscrasia
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000072078	Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography	An imaging technique that combines a POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET) scanner and a CT X RAY scanner. This establishes a precise anatomic localization in the same session.	CT PET,CT PET Scan,PET CT Scan,PET-CT,PET-CT Scan,Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography,CT PET Scans,CT Scan, PET,CT Scans, PET,PET CT Scans,PET Scan, CT,PET Scans, CT,PET-CT Scans,Scan, CT PET,Scan, PET CT,Scan, PET-CT,Scans, CT PET,Scans, PET CT,Scans, PET-CT