Successful Management of Complex Pediatric and Neonatal Wounds With Methylene Blue and Gentian Violet Foam Dressings. 2021

Vita Boyar
Cohen Children's Medical Center, Great Neck, New York.

BACKGROUND Topical antimicrobial treatment of wounds in pediatric, and especially neonatal, patients can be challenging due to increased systemic absorption, damaging inflammatory cytokines, and oxygen radicals released by bacterial death. A product combining all wound bed preparation principles is desired. Methylene blue and gentian violet (MB/GV) foam dressings can keep wound beds moist, decrease ongoing inflammation, provide antibacterial coverage, and promote healthy wound edges. OBJECTIVE This article examines the use of MB/GV antibacterial foams in pediatric patients. Cases included infants with giant omphalocele epidermal stripping, dehisced abdominal wounds, peristomal dermatitis, and peripheral intravenous extravasations and adolescents with stage 4 pressure injuries. The treatment goals were to optimize the wound bed through debridement, elimination of bioburden, providing moisture balance, and enhancement of granulation tissue growth. METHODS Eight patients (6 infants and 2 adolescents) received MB/GV foam dressings every 2 to 3 days along with standard of care (SOC) management. RESULTS Effective debridement, bioburden elimination, moisture balance, and edge enhancement were achieved in all wounds. All wound beds were well-prepared to receive other SOC products as needed. Three cases were considered for negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), but NPWT was not used because of challenging clinical characteristics and wound locations. Instead, MB/GV polyvinyl alcohol foam provided capillary wicking action that enhanced wound closure without NPWT. No side effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS Methylene blue and gentian violet foam dressings appear to be a safe clinical option for antibacterial coverage, moisture management, and debridement in neonatal and pediatric patients.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008751 Methylene Blue A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN. Methylthionine Chloride,Swiss Blue,Basic Blue 9,Chromosmon,Methylene Blue N,Methylthioninium Chloride,Urolene Blue,Blue 9, Basic,Blue N, Methylene,Blue, Methylene,Blue, Swiss,Blue, Urolene
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D005840 Gentian Violet A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties. Crystal Violet,Methyl Violet,Methylrosaniline Chloride,C.I. 42555,Gentiaanviolet FNA,Hexamethylpararosaniline Chloride,Kristallviolett-Lösung,Vigencial,Chloride, Hexamethylpararosaniline,Chloride, Methylrosaniline,FNA, Gentiaanviolet,Kristallviolett Lösung,Violet, Crystal,Violet, Gentian,Violet, Methyl
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293 Adolescent A person 13 to 18 years of age. Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D001458 Bandages Material used for wrapping or binding any part of the body. Dressings,Bandage,Dressing
D014945 Wound Healing Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue. Healing, Wound,Healings, Wound,Wound Healings
D014947 Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. Injuries,Physical Trauma,Trauma,Injuries and Wounds,Injuries, Wounds,Research-Related Injuries,Wounds,Wounds and Injury,Wounds, Injury,Injury,Injury and Wounds,Injury, Research-Related,Physical Traumas,Research Related Injuries,Research-Related Injury,Trauma, Physical,Traumas,Wound
D016896 Treatment Outcome Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series. Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes
D054843 Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy The application of a vacuum across the surface of a wound through a foam dressing cut to fit the wound. This removes wound exudates, reduces build-up of inflammatory mediators, and increases the flow of nutrients to the wound thus promoting healing. Negative-Pressure Dressings,Topical Negative-Pressure Therapy,Vacuum-Assisted Closure,Closure, Vacuum-Assisted,Closures, Vacuum-Assisted,Dressing, Negative-Pressure,Dressings, Negative-Pressure,Negative Pressure Dressings,Negative Pressure Wound Therapy,Negative-Pressure Dressing,Negative-Pressure Therapies, Topical,Negative-Pressure Therapy, Topical,Negative-Pressure Wound Therapies,Therapies, Negative-Pressure Wound,Therapies, Topical Negative-Pressure,Therapy, Negative-Pressure Wound,Therapy, Topical Negative-Pressure,Topical Negative Pressure Therapy,Topical Negative-Pressure Therapies,Vacuum Assisted Closure,Vacuum-Assisted Closures,Wound Therapies, Negative-Pressure,Wound Therapy, Negative-Pressure

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