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Administration of several biological response modifiers (BRMs) to mice strongly augmented natural killer (NK) activity of leukocytes isolated from the liver. This augmentation of NK activity was induced by two synthetic molecules (MVE-2 and poly ICLC), by two BRMs of bacterial origin (formalin-fixed Propionibacterium acnes: P. acnes and a streptococcal cell wall preparation designated OK-432), as well as a single injection of human recombinant interleukin-2 (hrIL 2). All of these BRMs augmented NK activity in the liver to a greater degree than in the spleen. In addition, adherent leukocytes (greater than 90% macrophages) isolated from the liver following P. acnes administration also exhibited augmented macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity. This cytotoxicity was characterized as macrophage mediated and distinguished from NK activity, on the basis of adherence purification, kinetics of cytotoxicity, and target cell selectivity. The results demonstrate that a variety of BRMs induce augmented natural immunity in the liver and suggest that such organ-associated immune responses may play an important role in the antimetastatic effects of BRMs.
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
August 1984,
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950),
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
December 1989,
Immunology and cell biology,
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
January 1987,
Lymphokine research,
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
January 1991,
International journal of immunopharmacology,
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
October 1987,
Urology,
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
September 1983,
Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy,
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
September 1990,
Cancer research,
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
October 1988,
Nihon Gan Chiryo Gakkai shi,
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
January 1990,
Anticancer research,
S R Zhang, and
R R Salup, and
P E Urias, and
T A Twilley, and
J E Talmadge, and
R B Herberman, and
R H Wiltrout
March 1984,
Science (New York, N.Y.),
