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Interleukin 1 (IL 1) is a polypeptide hormone produced by activated macrophages that affects many different cell types involved in immune and inflammatory responses. The cloning and expression of a murine IL 1 cDNA in Escherichia coli encoding a polypeptide precursor of 270 amino acids has been reported, and expression of the carboxy-terminal 156 amino acids of this precursor in E. coli yields biologically active IL 1. By using the murine IL 1 cDNA as a probe, we have isolated its human homolog from cDNA generated to lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human leukocyte mRNA. Nucleotide sequence analysis of this cDNA predicts a protein of analysis of this cDNA predicts a protein of 271 amino acids (termed IL 1 alpha) which shows congruent to 61% homology to its murine counterpart but only 27% homology to a recently characterized human IL 1 precursor (IL 1 beta). We have expressed the carboxy-terminal 154 amino acids of IL 1 alpha in E. coli, purified this protein to homogeneity, and have compared it with pure recombinant murine IL 1 in several different IL 1 assays based on murine and human cells. Recombinant IL 1 is capable of stimulating T cell and fibroblast proliferation and inducing fibroblast collagenase and prostaglandin production, thus proving that a single molecule has many of the activities previously ascribed to only partially purified IL 1 preparations. Our results indicate that there exists a family of at least two human IL 1 genes (alpha and beta) whose dissimilar protein products have similar biological activities.
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
August 1987,
The Journal of biological chemistry,
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
October 2023,
Biotechnology and applied biochemistry,
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
January 1989,
The Journal of biological chemistry,
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
March 1989,
The Journal of biological chemistry,
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
January 1991,
European cytokine network,
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
August 1987,
Biochemical and biophysical research communications,
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
November 1986,
European journal of biochemistry,
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
June 1987,
European journal of biochemistry,
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
January 2009,
Protein expression and purification,
U Gubler, and
A O Chua, and
A S Stern, and
C P Hellmann, and
M P Vitek, and
T M DeChiara, and
W R Benjamin, and
K J Collier, and
M Dukovich, and
P C Familletti
May 2001,
Molecular genetics and metabolism,
