[The 2021 WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system]. 2022

Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Marseille, France; APHM, CHU Timone, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France. Electronic address: dominiquefrance.figarella@ap-hm.fr.

Rapid technical advances in molecular biology allowed for the identification of key genetic alterations in central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Our ever-expanding knowledge of brain tumor genetics and the development of new technologies, such as DNA-methylation profiling, required an update of the 2016 fourth edition of the WHO classification of CNS tumors. Updates were regularly published by the Consortium to Inform Molecular Practical Approaches to CNS Tumor Taxonomy-Not Official WHO (c-IMPACT-NOW) until the publication of the fifth edition of the WHO classification of CNS tumors in 2021. In that edition, new types and subtypes are introduced and criteria for histo-molecular diagnostic and grading are refined, especially for diffuse gliomas. The definition of a broad category "diffuse glioma, pediatric subtype" (low or high grade) is a major improvement of the classification. Moreover, the nomenclature was simplified and aligned with that of other blue books. The 2021 edition truly advances the role of molecular diagnostics in CNS tumor classification. Methyloma profiling may become a cornerstone of CNS tumor diagnostic. The new WHO classification will lead to better management of brain tumor patients.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D001932 Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. Brain Cancer,Brain Metastases,Brain Tumors,Cancer of Brain,Malignant Primary Brain Tumors,Neoplasms, Intracranial,Benign Neoplasms, Brain,Brain Neoplasm, Primary,Brain Neoplasms, Benign,Brain Neoplasms, Malignant,Brain Neoplasms, Malignant, Primary,Brain Neoplasms, Primary Malignant,Brain Tumor, Primary,Brain Tumor, Recurrent,Cancer of the Brain,Intracranial Neoplasms,Malignant Neoplasms, Brain,Malignant Primary Brain Neoplasms,Neoplasms, Brain,Neoplasms, Brain, Benign,Neoplasms, Brain, Malignant,Neoplasms, Brain, Primary,Primary Brain Neoplasms,Primary Malignant Brain Neoplasms,Primary Malignant Brain Tumors,Benign Brain Neoplasm,Benign Brain Neoplasms,Benign Neoplasm, Brain,Brain Benign Neoplasm,Brain Benign Neoplasms,Brain Cancers,Brain Malignant Neoplasm,Brain Malignant Neoplasms,Brain Metastase,Brain Neoplasm,Brain Neoplasm, Benign,Brain Neoplasm, Malignant,Brain Neoplasms, Primary,Brain Tumor,Brain Tumors, Recurrent,Cancer, Brain,Intracranial Neoplasm,Malignant Brain Neoplasm,Malignant Brain Neoplasms,Malignant Neoplasm, Brain,Neoplasm, Brain,Neoplasm, Intracranial,Primary Brain Neoplasm,Primary Brain Tumor,Primary Brain Tumors,Recurrent Brain Tumor,Recurrent Brain Tumors,Tumor, Brain
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D004247 DNA A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine). DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D005910 Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) Glial Cell Tumors,Malignant Glioma,Mixed Glioma,Glial Cell Tumor,Glioma, Malignant,Glioma, Mixed,Gliomas,Gliomas, Malignant,Gliomas, Mixed,Malignant Gliomas,Mixed Gliomas,Tumor, Glial Cell,Tumors, Glial Cell
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014944 World Health Organization A specialized agency of the United Nations designed as a coordinating authority on international health work; its aim is to promote the attainment of the highest possible level of health by all peoples. Organization, World Health,WHO
D016543 Central Nervous System Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges. CNS Neoplasm,CNS Neoplasms,Central Nervous System Neoplasm,Central Nervous System Tumor,Neoplasms, Central Nervous System,Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm,Central Nervous System Neoplasms, Primary,Central Nervous System Tumors,Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasms,Tumors, Central Nervous System,Neoplasm, CNS,Neoplasms, CNS

Related Publications

Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
January 2022, Ceskoslovenska patologie,
Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
September 2022, Nature reviews. Neurology,
Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
October 2022, Neuroradiology,
Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
August 2007, Acta neuropathologica,
Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
June 2008, Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine,
Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
August 2021, Neuro-oncology,
Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
August 2021, Neuro-oncology,
Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
October 2022, Annales de pathologie,
Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
October 2022, Annales de pathologie,
Dominique Figarella-Branger, and Romain Appay, and Alice Metais, and Arnault Tauziède-Espariat, and Carole Colin, and Audrey Rousseau, and Pascale Varlet
September 2022, Acta neurochirurgica,
Copied contents to your clipboard!