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Mineralocorticoid receptors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. 2022

Barbara Schreier, and Alexander Zipprich, and Henriette Uhlenhaut, and Michael Gekle
Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.

Liver diseases are the fourth common death in Europe responsible for about 2 million death per year worldwide. Among the known detrimental causes for liver dysfunction are virus infections, intoxications and obesity. The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor activated by aldosterone or glucocorticoids but also by pathological milieu factors. Canonical actions of the MR take place in epithelial cells of kidney, colon and sweat glands and contribute to sodium reabsorption, potassium secretion and extracellular volume homeostasis. The non-canonical functions can be initiated by inflammation or an altered micro-milieu leading to fibrosis, hypertrophy and remodelling in various tissues. This narrative review summarizes the evidence regarding the role of MR in portal hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, demonstrating that inhibition of the MR in vivo seems to be beneficial for liver function and not just for volume regulation. Unfortunately, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Emerging Fields for Therapeutic Targeting of the Aldosterone-Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling Pathway. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.13/issuetoc.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008103 Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. Cirrhosis, Liver,Fibrosis, Liver,Hepatic Cirrhosis,Liver Fibrosis,Cirrhosis, Hepatic
D005355 Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. Cirrhosis,Fibroses
D006706 Homeostasis The processes whereby the internal environment of an organism tends to remain balanced and stable. Autoregulation
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000450 Aldosterone A hormone secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX that regulates electrolyte and water balance by increasing the renal retention of sodium and the excretion of potassium. Aldosterone, (+-)-Isomer,Aldosterone, (11 beta,17 alpha)-Isomer
D018161 Receptors, Mineralocorticoid Cytoplasmic proteins that specifically bind MINERALOCORTICOIDS and mediate their cellular effects. The receptor with its bound ligand acts in the nucleus to induce transcription of specific segments of DNA. Mineralocorticoid Receptors,Aldosterone Receptor,Aldosterone Receptors,Corticoid I Receptor,Corticoid Type I Receptors,Mineralocorticoid Receptor,Receptors, Aldosterone,Receptors, Corticoid I,Receptors, Corticoid Type I,Receptors, Mineralocorticoids,Corticoid I Receptors,Mineralocorticoids Receptors,Receptor, Aldosterone,Receptor, Corticoid I,Receptor, Mineralocorticoid
D065626 Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION. Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic,NAFLD,Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease,Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis,Fatty Livers, Nonalcoholic,Liver, Nonalcoholic Fatty,Livers, Nonalcoholic Fatty,Non alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease,Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver,Nonalcoholic Fatty Livers,Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitides,Steatohepatitides, Nonalcoholic,Steatohepatitis, Nonalcoholic

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