Biomaterial Database

Rifampin for eradicating carriage of multiply resistant Haemophilus influenzae b. 1987

J Campos, and S Garcia-Tornel, and J Roca, and M Iriondo

Department of Microbiology, Hospital Infantil San Juan de Dios, Barcelona, Spain.

We studied the efficacy of rifampin prophylaxis in reducing the prevalence of ampicillin- and chloramphenicol-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b in four day care facilities after each center had individual cases of invasive infections (two meningitis, one pneumonia and one cellulitis) caused by multiply resistant organisms. Rifampin was given in a single daily dose of 20 mg/kg for 4 days. Cultures were taken pretreatment and 10 days after the last dose of rifampin. Included in the study were 174 children and 27 adults. We identified a total of 55 nasopharyngeal carriers; 45 received rifampin and 10 refused treatment. On the 10-day follow-up culture in the second sample, 95.5 and 20%, respectively, of treated and untreated children were no longer colonized with H. influenzae (P less than 0.001, Fisher's exact test). We conclude that rifampin can successfully reduce the prevalence of multiply resistant H. influenzae type b carriers attending day care centers.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D009305	Nasopharynx	The top portion of the pharynx situated posterior to the nose and superior to the SOFT PALATE. The nasopharynx is the posterior extension of the nasal cavities and has a respiratory function.	Rhinopharynx,Choanae,Nasopharynges,Nasopharynxes,Rhinopharynges,Rhinopharynxes
D002353	Carrier State	The condition of harboring an infective organism without manifesting symptoms of infection. The organism must be readily transmissible to another susceptible host.	Asymptomatic Carrier State,Asymptomatic Infection Carrier,Inapparent Infection Carrier,Presymptomatic Carrier State,Presymptomatic Infection Carrier,Super-spreader Carrier,Superspreader Carrier,Asymptomatic Carrier States,Asymptomatic Infection Carriers,Carrier State, Asymptomatic,Carrier State, Presymptomatic,Carrier States,Carrier, Super-spreader,Carrier, Superspreader,Carriers, Super-spreader,Carriers, Superspreader,Inapparent Infection Carriers,Infection Carrier, Asymptomatic,Infection Carrier, Inapparent,Infection Carrier, Presymptomatic,Presymptomatic Carrier States,Presymptomatic Infection Carriers,Super spreader Carrier,Super-spreader Carriers,Superspreader Carriers
D002656	Child Day Care Centers	Facilities which provide care for pre-school and school-age children.	Day Care Centers for Children,Child Daycare Centers,Daycare Centers for Children,Child Daycare Center
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D002702	Chloramphenicol Resistance	Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of CHLORAMPHENICOL, a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis in the 50S ribosomal subunit where amino acids are added to nascent bacterial polypeptides.	Chloramphenicol Resistances
D006192	Haemophilus Infections	Infections with bacteria of the genus HAEMOPHILUS.	Hemophilus Infections,Haemophilus influenzae Infection,Haemophilus influenzae Type b Infection,Hib Infection,Infections, Haemophilus,Infections, Hemophilus,Haemophilus Infection,Haemophilus influenzae Infections,Hemophilus Infection,Hib Infections,Infection, Haemophilus,Infection, Haemophilus influenzae,Infection, Hemophilus,Infection, Hib
D006193	Haemophilus influenzae	A species of HAEMOPHILUS found on the mucous membranes of humans and a variety of animals. The species is further divided into biotypes I through VIII.	Bacterium influenzae,Coccobacillus pfeifferi,Haemophilus meningitidis,Hemophilus influenzae,Influenza-bacillus,Mycobacterium influenzae
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults