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Hemodynamic and respiratory response to varying gradients between end-expiratory pressure and end-inspiratory pressure in patients breathing on continuous positive airway pressure. 1978

M E Weinstein, and C L Rice, and R M Peters, and R W Virgilio

Nine patients on intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were allowed to breathe spontaneously at varying end expiratory pressure-end inspiratory pressure (EEP-EIP) gradients up to 10 cm H2O. There was no change in the mean cardiac output and oxygen delivery despite a lowered mean airway pressure (MAWP) when the gradient was increased. Three patients were uncomfortable at the higher gradients and another manifested evidence of fatigue of the muscles of respiration by raising her arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) and intrapulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt). In view of the difficulty experienced by some patients and lack of improvement in cardiac outputs (CO) during spontaneous inspiration when the EEP-EIP gradient is raised from zero to 5 and 10 cm H2O, it is recommended that the variation in airway pressure during spontaneous breaths while a patient is on CPAP be minimized.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008176 Lung Volume Measurements Measurement of the amount of air that the lungs may contain at various points in the respiratory cycle. Lung Capacities,Lung Volumes,Capacity, Lung,Lung Capacity,Lung Volume,Lung Volume Measurement,Measurement, Lung Volume,Volume, Lung
D011175 Positive-Pressure Respiration A method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, thus reducing the shunting of blood through the lungs and improving gas exchange. Positive End-Expiratory Pressure,Positive-Pressure Ventilation,End-Expiratory Pressure, Positive,End-Expiratory Pressures, Positive,Positive End Expiratory Pressure,Positive End-Expiratory Pressures,Positive Pressure Respiration,Positive Pressure Ventilation,Positive-Pressure Respirations,Positive-Pressure Ventilations,Pressure, Positive End-Expiratory,Pressures, Positive End-Expiratory,Respiration, Positive-Pressure,Respirations, Positive-Pressure,Ventilation, Positive-Pressure,Ventilations, Positive-Pressure
D012119 Respiration The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration ( Breathing
D012123 Pulmonary Ventilation The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute. Respiratory Airflow,Ventilation Tests,Ventilation, Pulmonary,Expiratory Airflow,Airflow, Expiratory,Airflow, Respiratory,Test, Ventilation,Tests, Ventilation,Ventilation Test
D006439 Hemodynamics The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. Hemodynamic
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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