Biomaterial Database

Psychosomatic medicine: past and present. Part I. Historical background. 1986

Z J Lipowski

Psychosomatic Medicine as an organized field of scientific inquiry and a mode of approach to patient care has existed for 50 years. It has focused on the study of the interaction of psychosocial and biological factors in health and disease. Despite its relatively recent origin, this field continues a long tradition in Western thought and medicine, one concerned with the reciprocal relationship of mind and body as two integral aspects of the human organism. That tradition goes back to ancient Greece and represents a counterpoint to the dualistic and reductionistic conceptions. Psychosomatic medicine merged as a reaction against them and as an organized attempt to subject various aspects of mind-body relationship in health and disease to scientific inquiry. Three major methodological approaches to such inquiry have been employed: the psychoanalytic, the psychophysiological, and the psychobiological. The author discusses the relative contributions of these approaches in the first phase in the development of psychosomatic medicine, i.e. between circa 1930 and 1960.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011582	Psychological Theory	Principles applied to the analysis and explanation of psychological or behavioral phenomena.	Social Cognitive Theory,Psychologic Theory,Psychological Theories,Theories, Psychological,Theory, Psychological,Cognitive Theories, Social,Cognitive Theory, Social,Psychologic Theories,Social Cognitive Theories,Theories, Psychologic,Theories, Social Cognitive,Theory, Psychologic,Theory, Social Cognitive
D011611	Psychosomatic Medicine	A system of medicine which aims at discovering the exact nature of the relationship between the emotions and bodily function, affirming the principle that the mind and body are one.	Medicine, Psychosomatic
D005060	Europe	The continent north of AFRICA, west of ASIA and east of the ATLANTIC OCEAN.	Northern Europe,Southern Europe,Western Europe
D006694	Holistic Health	Health as viewed from the perspective that humans function as complete, integrated units rather than as aggregates of separate parts.	Holistic Medicine,Holistic Therapies,Medicine, Holistic,Whole Person Health,Wholistic Health,Medicine, Wholistic,Wholistic Health Care,Wholistic Medicine,Wholistic Therapies,Care, Wholistic Health,Health Care, Wholistic,Health, Holistic,Health, Whole Person,Health, Wholistic,Holistic Therapy,Person Health, Whole,Therapies, Holistic,Therapies, Wholistic,Therapy, Holistic,Therapy, Wholistic,Wholistic Therapy
D012931	Social Environment	The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community.	Social Context,Environment, Social,Social Ecology,Context, Social,Contexts, Social,Ecologies, Social,Ecology, Social,Environments, Social,Social Contexts,Social Ecologies,Social Environments
D014481	United States	A country in NORTH AMERICA between CANADA and MEXICO.
D049671	History, 18th Century	Time period from 1701 through 1800 of the common era.	18th Century History,18th Cent. History (Medicine),18th Cent. History of Medicine,18th Cent. Medicine,Historical Events, 18th Century,History of Medicine, 18th Cent.,History, Eighteenth Century,Medical History, 18th Cent.,Medicine, 18th Cent.,18th Century Histories,Cent. History, 18th (Medicine),Cent. Medicine, 18th,Century Histories, 18th,Century Histories, Eighteenth,Century History, 18th,Century History, Eighteenth,Eighteenth Century Histories,Eighteenth Century History,Histories, 18th Century,Histories, Eighteenth Century,History, 18th Cent. (Medicine)
D049672	History, 19th Century	Time period from 1801 through 1900 of the common era.	19th Century History,19th Cent. History (Medicine),19th Cent. History of Medicine,19th Cent. Medicine,Historical Events, 19th Century,History of Medicine, 19th Cent.,History, Nineteenth Century,Medical History, 19th Cent.,Medicine, 19th Cent.,19th Cent. Histories (Medicine),19th Century Histories,Cent. Histories, 19th (Medicine),Cent. History, 19th (Medicine),Century Histories, 19th,Century Histories, Nineteenth,Century History, 19th,Century History, Nineteenth,Histories, 19th Cent. (Medicine),Histories, 19th Century,Histories, Nineteenth Century,History, 19th Cent. (Medicine),Nineteenth Century Histories,Nineteenth Century History
D049673	History, 20th Century	Time period from 1901 through 2000 of the common era.	20th Century History,20th Cent. History (Medicine),20th Cent. History of Medicine,20th Cent. Medicine,Historical Events, 20th Century,History of Medicine, 20th Cent.,History, Twentieth Century,Medical History, 20th Cent.,Medicine, 20th Cent.,20th Cent. Histories (Medicine),20th Century Histories,Cent. Histories, 20th (Medicine),Cent. History, 20th (Medicine),Century Histories, 20th,Century Histories, Twentieth,Century History, 20th,Century History, Twentieth,Histories, 20th Cent. (Medicine),Histories, 20th Century,Histories, Twentieth Century,History, 20th Cent. (Medicine),Twentieth Century Histories,Twentieth Century History