| D009830 |
Olfactory Bulb |
Ovoid body resting on the CRIBRIFORM PLATE of the ethmoid bone where the OLFACTORY NERVE terminates. The olfactory bulb contains several types of nerve cells including the mitral cells, on whose DENDRITES the olfactory nerve synapses, forming the olfactory glomeruli. The accessory olfactory bulb, which receives the projection from the VOMERONASAL ORGAN via the vomeronasal nerve, is also included here. |
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| D000818 |
Animals |
Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. |
Animal,Metazoa,Animalia |
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| D001369 |
Axons |
Nerve fibers that are capable of rapidly conducting impulses away from the neuron cell body. |
Axon |
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| D013569 |
Synapses |
Specialized junctions at which a neuron communicates with a target cell. At classical synapses, a neuron's presynaptic terminal releases a chemical transmitter stored in synaptic vesicles which diffuses across a narrow synaptic cleft and activates receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of the target cell. The target may be a dendrite, cell body, or axon of another neuron, or a specialized region of a muscle or secretory cell. Neurons may also communicate via direct electrical coupling with ELECTRICAL SYNAPSES. Several other non-synaptic chemical or electric signal transmitting processes occur via extracellular mediated interactions. |
Synapse |
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| D015398 |
Signal Transduction |
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. |
Cell Signaling,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Pathways,Receptor Mediated Signal Transduction,Signal Transduction Pathways,Signal Transduction Systems,Pathway, Signal,Pathway, Signal Transduction,Pathways, Signal,Pathways, Signal Transduction,Receptor-Mediated Signal Transductions,Signal Pathway,Signal Transduction Pathway,Signal Transduction System,Signal Transduction, Receptor-Mediated,Signal Transductions,Signal Transductions, Receptor-Mediated,System, Signal Transduction,Systems, Signal Transduction,Transduction, Signal,Transductions, Signal |
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| D055495 |
Neurogenesis |
Formation of NEURONS which involves the differentiation and division of STEM CELLS in which one or both of the daughter cells become neurons. |
Neurogeneses |
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| D018034 |
Olfactory Receptor Neurons |
Neurons in the OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM with proteins (RECEPTORS, ODORANT) that bind, and thus detect, odorants. These neurons send their DENDRITES to the surface of the epithelium with the odorant receptors residing in the apical non-motile cilia. Their unmyelinated AXONS synapse in the OLFACTORY BULB of the BRAIN. |
Neurons, Olfactory Receptor,Olfactory Receptor Cells,Olfactory Receptor Neuron,Olfactory Sensory Cells,Olfactory Sensory Cilia,Olfactory Sensory Neurons,Cell, Olfactory Receptor,Cell, Olfactory Sensory,Cells, Olfactory Receptor,Cells, Olfactory Sensory,Cilia, Olfactory Sensory,Cilias, Olfactory Sensory,Neuron, Olfactory Receptor,Neuron, Olfactory Sensory,Neurons, Olfactory Sensory,Olfactory Receptor Cell,Olfactory Sensory Cell,Olfactory Sensory Cilias,Olfactory Sensory Neuron,Receptor Cell, Olfactory,Receptor Cells, Olfactory,Receptor Neuron, Olfactory,Receptor Neurons, Olfactory,Sensory Cell, Olfactory,Sensory Cells, Olfactory,Sensory Cilia, Olfactory,Sensory Cilias, Olfactory,Sensory Neuron, Olfactory,Sensory Neurons, Olfactory |
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| D019485 |
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins |
Bone-growth regulatory factors that are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of proteins. They are synthesized as large precursor molecules which are cleaved by proteolytic enzymes. The active form can consist of a dimer of two identical proteins or a heterodimer of two related bone morphogenetic proteins. |
Bone Morphogenetic Protein,Morphogenetic Protein, Bone,Morphogenetic Proteins, Bone |
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