Biomaterial Database

Human granulocytes lack red cell Kx antigen. 1986

D R Branch, and L Gaidulis, and G S Lazar

We have investigated the presence or absence of the red cell Kx antigen on human granulocytes by measuring specific uptake of anti-Kx using three techniques: direct measurement by 125I-staphylococcal protein A (125I-SPA) and avidin-biotin-complex (ABC) immunoperoxidase staining and also, an indirect measurement using granulocyte adsorption of anti-Kx. Our results with all three methods indicate that the Kx antigen is not present on normal human granulocytes. Prior to adsorption of the anti-Kx serum with purified, pooled, normal human granulocytes, 11 of 21 (53%) of normal granulocytes were non-reactive by 125I-SPA and 16 of 20 (80%) by ABC. This pattern of reactivity was shown to be due to contamination of our anti-Kx serum with an antibody to a granulocyte-specific antigen unrelated to the Kx antigen. After adsorption, there was no diminution in the reactivity of the adsorbed anti-Kx compared to the unadsorbed antiserum against red cells which express strong Kx antigen, i.e. Ko and DTT-modified normal human red cells, by either serologic or 125I-SPA techniques. Likewise, reactivity with McLeod red cells, which have weak expression of the Kx antigen, was not changed using either the unadsorbed or adsorbed anti-Kx. The adsorbed anti-Kx was nonreactive with all 12 normal donors' granulocytes tested by 125I-SPA and with 10 normal donors' granulocytes tested by ABC. Furthermore, granulocytes from a Ko individual were nonreactive using either unadsorbed or adsorbed anti-Kx. These studies indicate that Kx antigen is not present on normal human granulocytes. Further, additional adsorption studies using granulocytes from a boy with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) indicated that these granulocytes also do not possess the Kx antigen. In contrast to previous reports, these data suggest that Kx antigen is most probably a red cell-specific antigen and that the red cell Kx antigen has no direct relationship to the biochemical defect in CGD.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007106	Immune Sera	Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.	Antisera,Immune Serums,Sera, Immune,Serums, Immune
D007124	Immunoenzyme Techniques	Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.	Antibody Enzyme Technique, Unlabeled,Enzyme Immunoassay,Enzyme-Labeled Antibody Technique,Immunoassay, Enzyme,Immunoperoxidase Techniques,Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex Technique,Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody Technique,Antibody Enzyme Technic, Unlabeled,Enzyme-Labeled Antibody Technic,Immunoenzyme Technics,Immunoperoxidase Technics,Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex Technic,Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody Technic,Antibody Technic, Enzyme-Labeled,Antibody Technic, Peroxidase-Labeled,Antibody Technics, Enzyme-Labeled,Antibody Technics, Peroxidase-Labeled,Antibody Technique, Enzyme-Labeled,Antibody Technique, Peroxidase-Labeled,Antibody Techniques, Enzyme-Labeled,Antibody Techniques, Peroxidase-Labeled,Enzyme Immunoassays,Enzyme Labeled Antibody Technic,Enzyme Labeled Antibody Technique,Enzyme-Labeled Antibody Technics,Enzyme-Labeled Antibody Techniques,Immunoassays, Enzyme,Immunoenzyme Technic,Immunoenzyme Technique,Immunoperoxidase Technic,Immunoperoxidase Technique,Peroxidase Antiperoxidase Complex Technic,Peroxidase Antiperoxidase Complex Technique,Peroxidase Labeled Antibody Technic,Peroxidase Labeled Antibody Technique,Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex Technics,Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex Techniques,Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody Technics,Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody Techniques,Technic, Enzyme-Labeled Antibody,Technic, Immunoenzyme,Technic, Immunoperoxidase,Technic, Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex,Technic, Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody,Technics, Enzyme-Labeled Antibody,Technics, Immunoenzyme,Technics, Immunoperoxidase,Technics, Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex,Technics, Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody,Technique, Enzyme-Labeled Antibody,Technique, Immunoenzyme,Technique, Immunoperoxidase,Technique, Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex,Technique, Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody,Techniques, Enzyme-Labeled Antibody,Techniques, Immunoenzyme,Techniques, Immunoperoxidase,Techniques, Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase Complex,Techniques, Peroxidase-Labeled Antibody
D007626	Kell Blood-Group System	Multiple erythrocytic antigens that comprise at least three pairs of alternates and amorphs, determined by one complex gene or possibly several genes at closely linked loci. The system is important in transfusion reactions. Its expression involves the X-chromosome.	Blood-Group System, Kell,Kell Blood Group System,System, Kell Blood-Group
D008297	Male		Males
D011863	Radioimmunoassay	Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.	Radioimmunoassays
D001789	Blood Group Antigens	Sets of cell surface antigens located on BLOOD CELLS. They are usually membrane GLYCOPROTEINS or GLYCOLIPIDS that are antigenically distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties.	Blood Group,Blood Group Antigen,Blood Groups,Antigen, Blood Group,Antigens, Blood Group,Group Antigen, Blood,Group, Blood,Groups, Blood
D004912	Erythrocytes	Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.	Blood Cells, Red,Blood Corpuscles, Red,Red Blood Cells,Red Blood Corpuscles,Blood Cell, Red,Blood Corpuscle, Red,Erythrocyte,Red Blood Cell,Red Blood Corpuscle
D006098	Granulocytes	Leukocytes with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. They are divided into three groups according to the staining properties of the granules: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, and basophilic. Mature granulocytes are the NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and BASOPHILS.	Granulocyte
D006105	Granulomatous Disease, Chronic	A defect of leukocyte function in which phagocytic cells ingest but fail to digest bacteria, resulting in recurring bacterial infections with granuloma formation. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by mutations in the CYBB gene, the condition is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. When chronic granulomatous disease is caused by CYBA, NCF1, NCF2, or NCF4 gene mutations, the condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.	Autosomal Recessive Chronic Granulomatous Disease,Chronic Granulomatous Disease,Chronic Granulomatous Disease, Atypical,Chronic Granulomatous Disease, X-Linked,Cytochrome B-Negative Granulomatous Disease, Chronic, X-Linked,Cytochrome B-Positive Granulomatous Disease, Chronic, X-Linked,Granulomatous Disease, Chronic, X-Linked,Granulomatous Disease, Chronic, X-Linked, Variant,X-Linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease,Chronic Granulomatous Disease, X Linked,Chronic Granulomatous Diseases,Granulomatous Diseases, Chronic,X Linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man