BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) exerts protective effect against acute ischemic stroke (AIS) through enhancing M2 micoglia polarization by regulating adenosine triphosphate (ATP)/ purinergic receptor (P2X7R) axis. 2022

Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and West Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Clinically, the effective treatment for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is very limited. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the mechanism how astragalus polysaccharide (APS) exerts protective effect against AIS and provide a new method for the treatment of AIS. Cell surface antigen flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to identify M1 and M2 microglia. Western blot was used to evaluate the expression of associated protein. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was used to simulate the effect of AIS on rat microglia. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established to simulate the effect of AIS in vivo. Evans blue dye (EBD) was used to evaluate the permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB). Western blot and cell surface antigen flow cytometry results showed that APS promoted the M2 polarization of rat microglia by inhibiting the expression of purinergic receptor (P2X7R). APS reversed the effect of OGD on the polarization of rat microglia M1/ M2 by regulating P2X7R. APS reversed the effect of MCAO on the polarization of rat microglia M1/ M2 in vivo. Furthermore, APS inhibited the expression of P2X7R by promoting the degradation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the cerebral cortex of MCAO rats. In addition, APS contributed to maintain the integrity of BBB. Summarily, APS can reduce brain injury by promoting the degradation of ATP in microglia and inhibiting the expression of P2X7R after AIS.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D011134 Polysaccharides Long chain polymeric CARBOHYDRATES composed of MONOSACCHARIDES linked by glycosidic bonds. Glycan,Glycans,Polysaccharide
D001812 Blood-Brain Barrier Specialized non-fenestrated tightly-joined ENDOTHELIAL CELLS with TIGHT JUNCTIONS that form a transport barrier for certain substances between the cerebral capillaries and the BRAIN tissue. Brain-Blood Barrier,Hemato-Encephalic Barrier,Barrier, Blood-Brain,Barrier, Brain-Blood,Barrier, Hemato-Encephalic,Barriers, Blood-Brain,Barriers, Brain-Blood,Barriers, Hemato-Encephalic,Blood Brain Barrier,Blood-Brain Barriers,Brain Blood Barrier,Brain-Blood Barriers,Hemato Encephalic Barrier,Hemato-Encephalic Barriers
D002460 Cell Line Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D000083242 Ischemic Stroke Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin. Acute Ischemic Stroke,Cryptogenic Embolism Stroke,Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke,Cryptogenic Stroke,Ischaemic Stroke,Wake-up Stroke,Acute Ischemic Strokes,Cryptogenic Embolism Strokes,Cryptogenic Ischemic Strokes,Cryptogenic Strokes,Embolism Stroke, Cryptogenic,Ischaemic Strokes,Ischemic Stroke, Acute,Ischemic Stroke, Cryptogenic,Ischemic Strokes,Stroke, Acute Ischemic,Stroke, Cryptogenic,Stroke, Cryptogenic Embolism,Stroke, Cryptogenic Ischemic,Stroke, Ischaemic,Stroke, Ischemic,Stroke, Wake-up,Wake up Stroke,Wake-up Strokes
D000255 Adenosine Triphosphate An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter. ATP,Adenosine Triphosphate, Calcium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Manganese Salt,Adenylpyrophosphate,CaATP,CrATP,Manganese Adenosine Triphosphate,MgATP,MnATP,ATP-MgCl2,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Ammonium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Chloride,Atriphos,Chromium Adenosine Triphosphate,Cr(H2O)4 ATP,Magnesium Adenosine Triphosphate,Striadyne,ATP MgCl2
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D017207 Rats, Sprague-Dawley A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company. Holtzman Rat,Rats, Holtzman,Sprague-Dawley Rat,Rats, Sprague Dawley,Holtzman Rats,Rat, Holtzman,Rat, Sprague-Dawley,Sprague Dawley Rat,Sprague Dawley Rats,Sprague-Dawley Rats
D017628 Microglia The third type of glial cell, along with astrocytes and oligodendrocytes (which together form the macroglia). Microglia vary in appearance depending on developmental stage, functional state, and anatomical location; subtype terms include ramified, perivascular, ameboid, resting, and activated. Microglia clearly are capable of phagocytosis and play an important role in a wide spectrum of neuropathologies. They have also been suggested to act in several other roles including in secretion (e.g., of cytokines and neural growth factors), in immunological processing (e.g., antigen presentation), and in central nervous system development and remodeling. Microglial Cell,Cell, Microglial,Microglial Cells,Microglias
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

Related Publications

Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
ATP/P2X7r axis mediates the pathological process of allergic asthma by inducing M2 polarization of alveolar macrophages.
January 2020, Experimental cell research,
Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
Oleoylethanolamide Protects against Acute Ischemic Stroke by Promoting PPARα-Mediated Microglia/Macrophage M2 Polarization.
April 2023, Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland),
Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
Evidence That Ly6C(hi) Monocytes are Protective in Acute Ischemic Stroke by Promoting M2 Macrophage Polarization.
July 2015, Stroke,
Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
XQ-1H protects against ischemic stroke by regulating microglia polarization through PPARγ pathway in mice.
April 2018, International immunopharmacology,
Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
Celastrol treatment protects against acute ischemic stroke-induced brain injury by promoting an IL-33/ST2 axis-mediated microglia/macrophage M2 polarization.
March 2018, Journal of neuroinflammation,
Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
Jasminoidin reduces ischemic stroke injury by regulating microglia polarization via PASK-EEF1A1 axis.
January 2024, Chemical biology & drug design,
Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
Dexmedetomidine exerts a protective effect on ischemic brain injury by inhibiting the P2X7R/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.
September 2021, Brain research bulletin,
Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
Extracellular ATP protects against sepsis through macrophage P2X7 purinergic receptors by enhancing intracellular bacterial killing.
September 2015, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology,
Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
Dexmedetomidine exerts cerebral protective effects against cerebral ischemic injury by promoting the polarization of M2 microglia via the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 pathway.
January 2022, Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.],
Xiang Jia, and Liying Xie, and Yuan Liu, and Tianfu Liu, and Peiqun Yang, and Jianfang Hu, and Zhichao Peng, and Kangrui Luo, and Min Du, and Chaojun Chen
Dexmedetomidine Exerts Renal Protective Effect by Regulating the PGC-1α/STAT1/IRF-1 Axis.
January 2021, Nephron,
Copied contents to your clipboard!