Management of Keratoconus With Corneal Rigid Gas-Permeable Contact Lenses. 2022

Motozumi Itoi, and Motohiro Itoi
Dougenzaka Itoi Eye Clinic (Motozumi Itoi), Itoi Building 1-10-19 Dougenzaka Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan; and Department of Ophthalmology (Motozumi Itoi, Motohiro Itoi),Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kawaramachi Hirokoji Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.

Vision correction using a corneal rigid gas-permeable contact lens, which is relatively safe, easy to replace, and economical, is still the basis of the management for keratoconus. For eyes with keratoconus, two fitting strategies have traditionally been used in Japan: apical touch fitting with spherical lenses and parallel fitting with multicurve lenses. These two techniques have different success rates depending on the type and severity of keratoconus. Therefore, it is important to classify eyes with keratoconus into four types according to the shape of the cornea and select the prescription techniques according to this classification. If the corneal GPs prescribed by these fitting methods cannot be used because of mechanical irritation to the corneal epithelium, the "piggyback lens system" is an effective option. Furthermore, proper lens care must be instructed to patients to prevent contact lens-related complications and maintain visual function. If these fittings and introductions can be performed properly, corneal GPs can safely provide effective and comfortable vision for many patients with keratoconus, even for those with severe keratoconus.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007640 Keratoconus A noninflammatory, usually bilateral protrusion and thinning of the CORNEA, the apex being displaced downward and nasally. It occurs most commonly in females at about puberty. Two closely related noninflammatory corneal ectasias are pellucid marginal degeneration and keratoglobus. Keratoglobus,Pellucid Marginal Corneal Degeneration,Pellucid Marginal Degeneration,Degeneration, Pellucid Marginal,Marginal Degeneration, Pellucid,Pellucid Marginal Degenerations
D003261 Contact Lenses Lenses designed to be worn on the front surface of the eyeball. (UMDNS, 1999) Lenses, Contact,Contact Lens,Lens, Contact
D003315 Cornea The transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye consisting of five layers: stratified squamous CORNEAL EPITHELIUM; BOWMAN MEMBRANE; CORNEAL STROMA; DESCEMET MEMBRANE; and mesenchymal CORNEAL ENDOTHELIUM. It serves as the first refracting medium of the eye. It is structurally continuous with the SCLERA, avascular, receiving its nourishment by permeation through spaces between the lamellae, and is innervated by the ophthalmic division of the TRIGEMINAL NERVE via the ciliary nerves and those of the surrounding conjunctiva which together form plexuses. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed) Corneas
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D017755 Prosthesis Fitting The fitting and adjusting of artificial parts of the body. (From Stedman's, 26th ed) Prosthesis Adjustment,Adjustment, Prosthesis,Adjustments, Prosthesis,Fitting, Prosthesis,Fittings, Prosthesis,Prosthesis Adjustments,Prosthesis Fittings
D019573 Epithelium, Corneal Stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the CORNEA. It is smooth and contains many free nerve endings. Anterior Corneal Epithelium,Corneal Epithelium,Corneal Epithelium, Anterior,Epithelium, Anterior Corneal
D019781 Corneal Topography The measurement of curvature and shape of the anterior surface of the cornea using techniques such as keratometry, keratoscopy, photokeratoscopy, profile photography, computer-assisted image processing and videokeratography. This measurement is often applied in the fitting of contact lenses and in diagnosing corneal diseases or corneal changes including keratoconus, which occur after keratotomy and keratoplasty. Topography, Corneal,Videokeratography,Corneal Topographies,Topographies, Corneal,Videokeratographies

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