This review shows the importance of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) as a significant cause of hearing loss that often goes under-recognized, especially by primary care physicians. Contrasted with conductive hearing loss, SSNHL involves inner ear damage. This work reviewed the diagnostic methods and treatments of SSNHL in the U.S. and Canada, including treatment options. It is imperative that primary care physicians and providers be able to recognize this condition early so that treatment may be initiated without delay as hearing loss can become permanent if not managed immediately.