New insights into the pollutant composition of stormwater treating wetlands. 2022

Fujia Yang, and Shirley Gato-Trinidad, and Iqbal Hossain
School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia. Electronic address: fujiayang@swin.edu.au.

With intensified climate change and urbanisation, constructed wetland (CW) serves as an alternative to conventional wastewater treatment plants. In Australia, the primary function of CW is to reduce sediments, nutrients from runoffs and attenuate floods. However, water quality analysis after construction is limited, hence, pollutant composition in established CWs and target pollutants in many guidelines remain outdated. To refresh the understanding of pollutants in urban discharges, this study reviewed two CWs in industrialised regions of Victoria, Australia. A total number of 26 pollutants were analysed in the collected water and sediment samples from both CW. The findings highlighted excessive concentrations of Zinc, Aluminium, Iron and Copper in one wetland and less commonly found pollutants like Barium, Titanium and Strontium are also detected. While Arsenic, Zinc, Copper, Nickel and hydrocarbons' accumulations are particularly significant in the other wetland. This study also reviews the pollutants discovered in 136 stormwater wetlands and covers the sources and impacts of various metal pollutants in stormwater runoffs. Overall, it is found that the concentrations of Zinc, Aluminium and Iron are particularly high in the CWs reviewed. This study brings attention to the pollutants profile of established CWs and the impact of heavy metals on the aquatic environment. The findings from this research revealed that the existing design and management guidelines for constructed wetlands in urban catchments are lacking in reduction targets for metal pollutants, thus improvements are essential to safeguard the water quality and performance of CWs.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007501 Iron A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN. Iron-56,Iron 56
D003300 Copper A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55. Copper-63,Copper 63
D004785 Environmental Pollutants Substances or energies, for example heat or light, which when introduced into the air, water, or land threaten life or health of individuals or ECOSYSTEMS. Environmental Pollutant,Pollutant,Pollutants,Pollutants, Environmental,Pollutant, Environmental
D000535 Aluminum A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98. Aluminium,Aluminium-27,Aluminum-27,Aluminium 27,Aluminum 27
D014739 Victoria A state in southeastern Australia, the southernmost state. Its capital is Melbourne. It was discovered in 1770 by Captain Cook and first settled by immigrants from Tasmania. In 1851 it was separated from New South Wales as a separate colony. Self-government was introduced in 1851; it became a state in 1901. It was named for Queen Victoria in 1851. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p1295 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, p574)
D014865 Waste Disposal, Fluid The discarding or destroying of liquid waste products or their transformation into something useful or innocuous. Disposal, Fluid Waste,Disposals, Fluid Waste,Fluid Waste Disposal,Fluid Waste Disposals,Waste Disposals, Fluid
D014874 Water Pollutants, Chemical Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water. Chemical Water Pollutants,Landfill Leachate,Leachate, Landfill,Pollutants, Chemical Water
D015032 Zinc A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn.
D053833 Wetlands Environments or habitats at the interface between truly terrestrial ecosystems and truly aquatic systems making them different from each yet highly dependent on both. Adaptations to low soil oxygen characterize many wetland species. Bogs,Mangrove Forests,Mangrove Swamps,Marsh,Marshes,Swamps,Bog,Forest, Mangrove,Forests, Mangrove,Mangrove Forest,Mangrove Swamp,Swamp,Swamp, Mangrove,Swamps, Mangrove,Wetland

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