A comprehensive artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram interpretation program. 2020

Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Automated computerized electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation algorithms are designed to enhance physician ECG interpretation, minimize medical error, and expedite clinical workflow. However, the performance of current computer algorithms is notoriously inconsistent. We aimed to develop and validate an artificial intelligence-enabled ECG (AI-ECG) algorithm capable of comprehensive 12-lead ECG interpretation with accuracy comparable to practicing cardiologists. We developed an AI-ECG algorithm using a convolutional neural network as a multilabel classifier capable of assessing 66 discrete, structured diagnostic ECG codes using the cardiologist's final annotation as the gold-standard interpretation. We included 2,499,522 ECGs from 720,978 patients ≥18 years of age with a standard 12-lead ECG obtained at the Mayo Clinic ECG laboratory between 1993 and 2017. The total sample was randomly divided into training (n = 1,749,654), validation (n = 249,951), and testing (n = 499,917) datasets with a similar distribution of codes. We compared the AI-ECG algorithm's performance to the cardiologist's interpretation in the testing dataset using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and precision recall (PR) curves. The model performed well for various rhythm, conduction, ischemia, waveform morphology, and secondary diagnoses codes with an area under the ROC curve of ≥0.98 for 62 of the 66 codes. PR metrics were used to assess model performance accounting for category imbalance and demonstrated a sensitivity ≥95% for all codes. An AI-ECG algorithm demonstrates high diagnostic performance in comparison to reference cardiologist interpretation of a standard 12-lead ECG. The use of AI-ECG reading tools may permit scalability as ECG acquisition becomes more ubiquitous.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries

Related Publications

Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
April 2020, HeartRhythm case reports,
Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
May 2023, Sensors (Basel, Switzerland),
Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
January 2019, Nature medicine,
Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
January 2023, Journal of electrocardiology,
Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
May 2024, Current cardiology reports,
Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
May 2023, European heart journal. Digital health,
Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
January 2023, Frontiers in physiology,
Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
January 2022, Digital health,
Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
February 2022, Journal of personalized medicine,
Anthony H Kashou, and Wei-Yin Ko, and Zachi I Attia, and Michal S Cohen, and Paul A Friedman, and Peter A Noseworthy
January 2019, Nature medicine,
Copied contents to your clipboard!