Biomaterial Database

Blood pressure response to sodium restriction and potassium supplementation in healthy normotensive children. 1986

J Z Miller, and M H Weinberger

To examine the effects of dietary sodium on blood pressure 149 healthy, normotensive children (64 males, 85 females) participated in a study to restrict sodium intake to 60 mEq/day or half of the usual intake for 3 months. Sodium excretion was significantly decreased during the study period (100.6 +/- 3.4 mEq vs 46.5 +/- 2.0 mEq, P less than .001). As a group there was no significant change in systolic and a small decrease in diastolic blood pressure (54.2 +/- 0.8 mmHg vs 53.0 +/- 0.7 mmHg, p less than .03, one tailed). Adjustment of blood pressure for weight and age and analysis of residuals yielded significant decreases in both mean arterial (p less than .05) and diastolic blood pressure (p less than .05). In the potassium supplement study, comparison of supplementation to post-supplement periods in 31 children (13 male, 18 female) showed a significantly lower (p less than .05) systolic blood pressure during supplementation (101.3 +/- 2.1 mmHg vs 103.3 +/- 20 mmHg). Analyses of diastolic pressures, sodium excretion and weight were not significant. These studies show heterogeneity in the blood pressure response to sodium restriction and suggest that sodium restriction and potassium supplementation have different effects on blood pressure in children.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006973	Hypertension	Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D008297	Male		Males
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002648	Child	A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL.	Children
D002675	Child, Preschool	A child between the ages of 2 and 5.	Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D002986	Clinical Trials as Topic	Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.	Clinical Trial as Topic
D004039	Diet, Sodium-Restricted	A diet which contains very little sodium chloride. It is prescribed by some for hypertension and for edematous states. (Dorland, 27th ed)	Diet, Low-Salt,Diet, Low-Sodium,Diet, Salt-Free,Diet, Low Salt,Diet, Low Sodium,Diet, Salt Free,Diet, Sodium Restricted,Diets, Low-Salt,Diets, Low-Sodium,Diets, Salt-Free,Diets, Sodium-Restricted,Low-Salt Diet,Low-Salt Diets,Low-Sodium Diet,Low-Sodium Diets,Salt-Free Diet,Salt-Free Diets,Sodium-Restricted Diet,Sodium-Restricted Diets
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man