Biomaterial Database

Template-free ribosomal synthesis of polypeptides from aminoacyl-tRNA. Polyphenylalanine synthesis from phenylalanyl-tRNALys. 1986

G Z Yusupova, and N V Belitsina, and A S Spirin

Misacylated phenylalanyl-tRNALys, just as lysyl-tRNALys, but not phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe, have been shown to serve as substrates for ribosomal synthesis of polypeptides (polyphenylalanine and polylysine, respectively) in the absence of a template polynucleotide (poly(A)). The conclusion was made that it is the structure of tRNA that determines the ability of the aminoacyl-tRNALys to participate in peptide elongation on ribosomes without codon-anticodon interactions.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008274	Magnesium	A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
D010441	Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational	A process of GENETIC TRANSLATION, when an amino acid is transferred from its cognate TRANSFER RNA to the lengthening chain of PEPTIDES.	Chain Elongation, Peptide, Translational,Protein Biosynthesis Elongation,Protein Chain Elongation, Translational,Protein Translation Elongation,Translation Elongation, Genetic,Translation Elongation, Protein,Translational Elongation, Protein,Translational Peptide Chain Elongation,Biosynthesis Elongation, Protein,Elongation, Genetic Translation,Elongation, Protein Biosynthesis,Elongation, Protein Translation,Elongation, Protein Translational,Genetic Translation Elongation,Protein Translational Elongation
D010445	Peptide Elongation Factors	Protein factors uniquely required during the elongation phase of protein synthesis.	Elongation Factor,Elongation Factors, Peptide,Factor, Elongation,Factors, Peptide Elongation
D010452	Peptide Biosynthesis	The production of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS by the constituents of a living organism. The biosynthesis of proteins on RIBOSOMES following an RNA template is termed translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC). There are other, non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NUCLEIC ACID-INDEPENDENT) mechanisms carried out by PEPTIDE SYNTHASES and PEPTIDYLTRANSFERASES. Further modifications of peptide chains yield functional peptide and protein molecules.	Biosynthesis, Peptide
D010455	Peptides	Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS.	Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D004926	Escherichia coli	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.	Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D012270	Ribosomes	Multicomponent ribonucleoprotein structures found in the CYTOPLASM of all cells, and in MITOCHONDRIA, and PLASTIDS. They function in PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS via GENETIC TRANSLATION.	Ribosome
D012346	RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl	Intermediates in protein biosynthesis. The compounds are formed from amino acids, ATP and transfer RNA, a reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. They are key compounds in the genetic translation process.	Amino Acyl tRNA,Transfer RNA, Amino Acyl,tRNA-Amino Acyl,Amino Acyl T RNA,Acyl tRNA, Amino,Acyl, tRNA-Amino,tRNA Amino Acyl,tRNA, Amino Acyl
D013329	Structure-Activity Relationship	The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.	Relationship, Structure-Activity,Relationships, Structure-Activity,Structure Activity Relationship,Structure-Activity Relationships