Protocolized screening effectively identifies myocardial recovery following destination therapy left ventricular assist device implantation. 2022

Nathan J Smith, and Nicholas Collar, and Padmaraj Duvvuri, and Bryan Miles, and Ruizhe Wu, and Aniko Szabo, and Nunzio Gaglianello, and Lyle D Joyce, and David L Joyce
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

BACKGROUND Myocardial recovery following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation has been of interest in transplant candidates with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy but is rare. Evidence suggests that a combination of left ventricular unloading and pharmacologic reverse remodeling is beneficial. Recovery in non-transplant candidates (i.e., destination therapy [DT]) patients is believed to be even rarer. METHODS All DT LVADs between January 1, 2017 and November 23, 2020 were reviewed. All patients were subjected to an institutional protocol consisting of combined pharmacologic remodeling and mechanical unloading with proactive screening for recovery. The primary outcome of interest was the cumulative incidence of myocardial recovery. Baseline characteristics and operative outcomes were compared between recovered and non-recovered DT patients using non-parametric tests to identify predictive factors. RESULTS A total of 49 patients received DT LVADs. Nine patients were identified as myocardial recovery candidates using the protocol screening criteria. Overall, 11 patients underwent formal confirmatory testing for recovery, of which 10 were deemed recovered and underwent LVAD explant, defunctionalization, or transplantation. 37.5% of patients that had a concomitant coronary artery bypass during LVAD implantation achieved recovery. An equal proportion of ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy patients achieved recovery. The cumulative incidence of myocardial recovery was 25.1% at 36 months. No factors were identified as being predictive of recovery. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial recovery in DT LVAD patients can be achieved at a higher rate than previously reported. Revascularization at the time of LVAD is safe and may be beneficial. LVAD therapy may not be the final destination in these patients.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009202 Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS). Myocardial Disease,Myocardial Diseases,Myocardial Diseases, Primary,Myocardial Diseases, Secondary,Myocardiopathies,Primary Myocardial Disease,Cardiomyopathies, Primary,Cardiomyopathies, Secondary,Primary Myocardial Diseases,Secondary Myocardial Diseases,Cardiomyopathy,Cardiomyopathy, Primary,Cardiomyopathy, Secondary,Disease, Myocardial,Disease, Primary Myocardial,Disease, Secondary Myocardial,Diseases, Myocardial,Diseases, Primary Myocardial,Diseases, Secondary Myocardial,Myocardial Disease, Primary,Myocardial Disease, Secondary,Myocardiopathy,Primary Cardiomyopathies,Primary Cardiomyopathy,Secondary Cardiomyopathies,Secondary Cardiomyopathy,Secondary Myocardial Disease
D006333 Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. Cardiac Failure,Heart Decompensation,Congestive Heart Failure,Heart Failure, Congestive,Heart Failure, Left-Sided,Heart Failure, Right-Sided,Left-Sided Heart Failure,Myocardial Failure,Right-Sided Heart Failure,Decompensation, Heart,Heart Failure, Left Sided,Heart Failure, Right Sided,Left Sided Heart Failure,Right Sided Heart Failure
D006353 Heart-Assist Devices Small pumps, often implantable, designed for temporarily assisting the heart, usually the LEFT VENTRICLE, to pump blood. They consist of a pumping chamber and a power source, which may be partially or totally external to the body and activated by electromagnetic motors. Artificial Ventricle,Heart Assist Device,Heart Ventricle, Artificial,Pumps, Heart-Assist,Vascular-Assist Device,Vascular-Assist Devices,Ventricle-Assist Device,Ventricular Assist Device,Artificial Heart Ventricle,Artificial Heart Ventricles,Artificial Ventricles,Assist Device, Heart,Assist Device, Ventricular,Assist Devices, Heart,Assist Devices, Ventricular,Device, Heart Assist,Device, Heart-Assist,Device, Vascular-Assist,Device, Ventricle-Assist,Device, Ventricular Assist,Devices, Heart Assist,Devices, Heart-Assist,Devices, Vascular-Assist,Devices, Ventricle-Assist,Devices, Ventricular Assist,Heart Assist Devices,Heart Ventricles, Artificial,Heart-Assist Device,Heart-Assist Pump,Heart-Assist Pumps,Pump, Heart-Assist,Pumps, Heart Assist,Vascular Assist Device,Vascular Assist Devices,Ventricle Assist Device,Ventricle, Artificial,Ventricle, Artificial Heart,Ventricle-Assist Devices,Ventricles, Artificial,Ventricles, Artificial Heart,Ventricular Assist Devices
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012189 Retrospective Studies Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons. Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective
D016027 Heart Transplantation The transference of a heart from one human or animal to another. Cardiac Transplantation,Grafting, Heart,Transplantation, Cardiac,Transplantation, Heart,Cardiac Transplantations,Graftings, Heart,Heart Grafting,Heart Graftings,Heart Transplantations,Transplantations, Cardiac,Transplantations, Heart

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