Biomaterial Database

A hydroxypropyl methylcellulose plaque assay for human respiratory syncytial virus. 2022

Yuka Takumi-Tanimukai, and Soh Yamamoto, and Noriko Ogasawara, and Sayaka Nakabayashi, and Katsumi Mizuta, and Keisuke Yamamoto, and Ryo Miyata, and Takuya Kakuki, and Sumito Jitsukawa, and Toyotaka Sato, and Hiroyuki Tsutsumi, and Takashi Kojima, and Kenichi Takano, and Shin-Ichi Yokota

Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.

Quantifying proliferative virus particles is one of the most important experimental procedures in virology. Compared with classical overlay materials, newly developed cellulose derivatives enable a plaque-forming assay to produce countable clear plaques easily. HEp-2 cells are widely used in plaque assays for human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It is crucial to use an overlay material to keep HEp-2 cell proliferation and prevent RSV particles from spreading over the fluid. Among four cellulose derivatives, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), we found that HPMC was the optimal overlay material because HPMC maintained HEp-2 cell proliferation and RSV infectivity. Although MCC was unsuitable for RSV, it assisted the plaque-forming by human metapneumovirus in TMPRSS2-expressing cells. Therefore, depending on the cells and viruses, it is necessary to use different overlay materials at varying concentrations.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002482	Cellulose	A polysaccharide with glucose units linked as in CELLOBIOSE. It is the chief constituent of plant fibers, cotton being the purest natural form of the substance. As a raw material, it forms the basis for many derivatives used in chromatography, ion exchange materials, explosives manufacturing, and pharmaceutical preparations.	Alphacel,Avicel,Heweten,Polyanhydroglucuronic Acid,Rayophane,Sulfite Cellulose,alpha-Cellulose,Acid, Polyanhydroglucuronic,alpha Cellulose
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D018113	Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human	The type species of PNEUMOVIRUS and an important cause of lower respiratory disease in infants and young children. It frequently presents with bronchitis and bronchopneumonia and is further characterized by fever, cough, dyspnea, wheezing, and pallor.	HRSV Human respiratory syncytial virus,Human respiratory syncytial virus,human RSV,RSV, human,human RSVs
D018357	Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections	Pneumovirus infections caused by the RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES. Humans and cattle are most affected but infections in goats and sheep have been reported.	RSV Infection,Infections, Respiratory Syncytial Virus,Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection,Infection, RSV,RSV Infections
D029121	Metapneumovirus	A genus of the subfamily PNEUMOVIRINAE, containing two members: Turkey rhinotracheitis virus and a human Metapneumovirus. Virions lack HEMAGGLUTININ and NEURAMINIDASE.	Avian Metapneumovirus,Avian Pneumovirus,Human Metapneumovirus,Metapneumovirus, Avian,Metapneumovirus, Human,Pneumovirus, Avian,Rhinotracheitis Virus, Turkey,Turkey Rhinotracheitis Virus,Human Metapneumoviruses,Metapneumoviruses,Metapneumoviruses, Human
D065347	Hypromellose Derivatives	Polymeric compounds that contain repeating units of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The properties of hypromellose polymers can vary greatly and are defined by their molecular weight, the percentage of hydroxyl groups, the percentage of hydroxypropyl groups, and viscosity measurements. They are found a broad variety of commercial products such as FOOD ADDITIVES; EXCIPIENTS; and LUBRICANTS.	HPMC 2910,HPMC-K-100 M,Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose,Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose,Hypromellose,K-8515,K8515,MHPC Polymer,Methocel E,Methoxyhydroxypropylcellulose,Methyl Hydroxypropyl Cellulose,Methyl-hydroxypropyl-cellulose,Derivative, Hypromellose,Derivatives, Hypromellose,HPMC K 100 M,HPMCK100 M,Hypromellose Derivative,K 8515