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Saccharomyces boulardii attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced anxiety-like behaviors in rats. 2022

Fatemeh Babaei, and Mohammadreza Mirzababaei, and Ghazaleh Mohammadi, and Leila Dargahi, and Marjan Nassiri-Asl
Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Anxiety is the brain's response to dangerous or stressful situations. Exposure to stressors can cause gut microbiota dysbiosis and activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to the secretion of glucocorticoids associated with anxiety. Recent studies have reported that probiotics can attenuate anxiety-like behaviors by modulation of the gut microbiome composition. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) administration on anxiety-like behaviors induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups (Control, LPS, Sb + LPS, and Sb). All animals were orally treated with saline or S. boulardii (1010 CFU/ml/rat) for 28 days. They were also injected with saline or LPS (250 μg/kg/day) intraperitoneally from day 14 until day 22. Anxiety-like behaviors were assessed using the elevated plus-maze and open-field tests. Besides, the serum levels of cortisol, corticosterone, serotonin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured. The results revealed that S. boulardii could attenuate LPS-induced anxiety-like behaviors. The findings also showed that oral administration of S. boulardii significantly attenuated the elevated levels of cortisol and corticosterone in the LPS-induced model. Moreover, S. boulardii alleviated the decremental effect of LPS on the serum serotonin and BDNF levels. According to the present findings, S. boulardii can prevent LPS-induced anxiety-like behaviors, probably through modulation of the HPA axis and the gut microbiome.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007030 Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System A collection of NEURONS, tracts of NERVE FIBERS, endocrine tissue, and blood vessels in the HYPOTHALAMUS and the PITUITARY GLAND. This hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal circulation provides the mechanism for hypothalamic neuroendocrine (HYPOTHALAMIC HORMONES) regulation of pituitary function and the release of various PITUITARY HORMONES into the systemic circulation to maintain HOMEOSTASIS. Hypothalamic Hypophyseal System,Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis,Hypophyseal Portal System,Hypothalamic-Pituitary Unit,Hypothalamic Hypophyseal Systems,Hypothalamic Pituitary Unit,Hypothalamo Hypophyseal System,Hypothalamo Pituitary Adrenal Axis,Portal System, Hypophyseal
D008070 Lipopolysaccharides Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed) Lipopolysaccharide,Lipoglycans
D010913 Pituitary-Adrenal System The interactions between the anterior pituitary and adrenal glands, in which corticotropin (ACTH) stimulates the adrenal cortex and adrenal cortical hormones suppress the production of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary. Pituitary Adrenal System,Pituitary-Adrenal Systems,System, Pituitary-Adrenal,Systems, Pituitary-Adrenal
D003345 Corticosterone An adrenocortical steroid that has modest but significant activities as a mineralocorticoid and a glucocorticoid. (From Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1437)
D006854 Hydrocortisone The main glucocorticoid secreted by the ADRENAL CORTEX. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions. Cortef,Cortisol,Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, 11,17,21-trihydroxy-, (11beta)-,11-Epicortisol,Cortifair,Cortril,Epicortisol,Hydrocortisone, (11 alpha)-Isomer,Hydrocortisone, (9 beta,10 alpha,11 alpha)-Isomer,11 Epicortisol
D000069983 Saccharomyces boulardii A species of Saccharomyces that is used as a PROBIOTIC, such as in the treatment of DIARRHEA and PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS ENTEROCOLITIS associated with CLOSTRIDIUM INFECTIONS. Saccharomyces boulardius,boulardii, Saccharomyces,boulardius, Saccharomyces
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001007 Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS. Angst,Anxiousness,Hypervigilance,Nervousness,Social Anxiety,Anxieties, Social,Anxiety, Social,Social Anxieties
D012701 Serotonin A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-TRYPTOPHAN. In humans it is found primarily in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and blood platelets. Serotonin mediates several important physiological functions including neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity. Multiple receptor families (RECEPTORS, SEROTONIN) explain the broad physiological actions and distribution of this biochemical mediator. 5-HT,5-Hydroxytryptamine,3-(2-Aminoethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol,Enteramine,Hippophaine,Hydroxytryptamine,5 Hydroxytryptamine
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus

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