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Electric fields can be manipulated by a method in which multiple electrodes are arranged along a closed contour and clamped to predetermined electric potentials. This method may be applied to a broad range of problems in the separation of macromolecules by gel electrophoresis. DNA molecules as large as 2 megabases can be well separated with a contour-clamped homogeneous electric field alternating between two orientations 120 degrees apart. The pattern of separation is independent of position in the gel, which is an advantage over previous methods. DNA less than 50 kilobases can be separated without distortion even at high voltage with a nonalternating contour-clamped homogeneous field. Decreased band broadening in DNA less than 200 bases can be achieved with a contour-clamped inhomogeneous field.
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
January 1992,
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.),
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
October 1987,
Nucleic acids research,
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
May 1991,
Analytical biochemistry,
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
July 1995,
Veterinary parasitology,
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
January 1989,
Electrophoresis,
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
December 1990,
Analytical biochemistry,
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
January 2006,
Nature protocols,
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
September 1988,
Science (New York, N.Y.),
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
August 1990,
Experimental parasitology,
G Chu, and
D Vollrath, and
R W Davis
June 2006,
CSH protocols,
