-transparent.png){kind=logo}
The effects of variations in dietary carbohydrate and fat intake on various aspects of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were studied in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Two test diets were utilized, and they were consumed in random order over two 15-day periods. One diet was low in fat and high in carbohydrate, and corresponded closely to recent recommendations made by the American Diabetes Association (ADA), containing (as percent of total calories) 20 percent protein, 20 percent fat, and 60 percent carbohydrate, with 10 percent of total calories as sucrose. The other diet contained 20 percent protein, 40 percent fat, and 40 percent carbohydrate, with sucrose accounting for 3 percent of total calories. Although plasma fasting glucose and insulin concentrations were similar with both diets, incremental glucose and insulin responses from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. were higher (p less than 0.01), and mean (+/- SEM) 24-hour urine glucose excretion was significantly greater (55 +/- 16 versus 26 +/- 4 g/24 hours p less than 0.02) in response to the low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet. In addition, fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels were increased (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.05, respectively) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations were reduced (p less than 0.02) when patients with NIDDM ate the low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet. Finally, since low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations did not change with diet, the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio fell in response to the low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet. These results document that low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets, containing moderate amounts of sucrose, similar in composition to the recommendations of the ADA, have deleterious metabolic effects when consumed by patients with NIDDM for 15 days. Until it can be shown that these untoward effects are evanescent, and that long-term ingestion of similar diets will result in beneficial metabolic changes, it seems prudent to avoid the use of low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets containing moderate amounts of sucrose in patients with NIDDM.
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
July 1990,
American journal of hypertension,
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
October 1991,
The Journal of pediatrics,
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
May 1994,
JAMA,
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
November 1991,
The American journal of clinical nutrition,
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
September 1992,
The New England journal of medicine,
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
August 1995,
The New England journal of medicine,
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
November 1979,
The American journal of clinical nutrition,
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
June 1995,
Cardiovascular drugs and therapy,
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
February 1985,
The American journal of clinical nutrition,
A M Coulston, and
C B Hollenbeck, and
A L Swislocki, and
Y D Chen, and
G M Reaven
October 1995,
European journal of clinical nutrition,
