Biomaterial Database

Periventricular leucomalacia and intraventricular haemorrhage in the preterm neonate. 1986

J Q Trounce, and N Rutter, and M I Levene

Two hundred very low birthweight infants were prospectively scanned to ascertain the incidence of periventricular leucomalacia (PVL) and haemorrhage. Before collection of data, clear definitions of ultrasound abnormalities believed to represent PVL and intraventricular haemorrhage were described. These referred to small and moderate intraventricular haemorrhage, paenchymal haemorrhage, and PVL, including prolonged flare (echoes in the periventricular region lasting for two weeks or more and not becoming cystic). Sixty nine infants (34%) had no abnormality on ultrasound scans. Intraventricular haemorrhage occurred in 107 babies (37 grade I and 62 grade II), and only eight infants were thought to have true parenchymal haemorrhage. Ultrasound appearances of PVL were seen in 27 infants, 19 of whom developed cysts and eight died in the precystic stage. Prolonged flare occurred in another 25 babies. Unilateral parenchymal haemorrhage occurred in four infants who subsequently developed cystic PVL in the contralateral hemisphere. Twenty one infants developed ventricular dilatation, 12 of whom had associated parenchymal lesions. Haemorrhage, PVL, and flare occurred commonly in infants of 30 weeks' gestation and below and became markedly less common in more mature infants. We believe prolonged flare represents a form of PVL, and in this study a total of 52 (26%) infants had an ultrasound appearance of periventricular leucomalacia, an incidence considerably higher than previously reported.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007235	Infant, Premature, Diseases	Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS.
D007969	Leukomalacia, Periventricular	Degeneration of white matter adjacent to the CEREBRAL VENTRICLES following cerebral hypoxia or BRAIN ISCHEMIA in neonates. The condition primarily affects white matter in the perfusion zone between superficial and deep branches of the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY. Clinical manifestations include VISION DISORDERS; CEREBRAL PALSY; PARAPLEGIA; SEIZURES; and cognitive disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1021; Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1997, Ch4, pp30-1)	Cystic Periventricular Leukomalacia,Encephalomalacia, Periventricular,Neonatal Cerebral Leukomalacia,Periventricular Leukomalacia,Leucomalacia, Periventricular,Cerebral Leukomalacia, Neonatal,Cerebral Leukomalacias, Neonatal,Cystic Periventricular Leukomalacias,Encephalomalacias, Periventricular,Leucomalacias, Periventricular,Leukomalacia, Cystic Periventricular,Leukomalacia, Neonatal Cerebral,Leukomalacias, Cystic Periventricular,Leukomalacias, Neonatal Cerebral,Leukomalacias, Periventricular,Neonatal Cerebral Leukomalacias,Periventricular Encephalomalacia,Periventricular Encephalomalacias,Periventricular Leucomalacia,Periventricular Leucomalacias,Periventricular Leukomalacia, Cystic,Periventricular Leukomalacias,Periventricular Leukomalacias, Cystic
D011446	Prospective Studies	Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.	Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D002543	Cerebral Hemorrhage	Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.	Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral,Cerebral Parenchymal Hemorrhage,Hemorrhage, Cerebral,Intracerebral Hemorrhage,Hemorrhage, Cerebrum,Brain Hemorrhages, Cerebral,Cerebral Brain Hemorrhage,Cerebral Brain Hemorrhages,Cerebral Hemorrhages,Cerebral Parenchymal Hemorrhages,Cerebrum Hemorrhage,Cerebrum Hemorrhages,Hemorrhage, Cerebral Brain,Hemorrhage, Cerebral Parenchymal,Hemorrhage, Intracerebral,Hemorrhages, Cerebral,Hemorrhages, Cerebral Brain,Hemorrhages, Cerebral Parenchymal,Hemorrhages, Cerebrum,Hemorrhages, Intracerebral,Intracerebral Hemorrhages,Parenchymal Hemorrhage, Cerebral,Parenchymal Hemorrhages, Cerebral
D004678	Encephalomalacia	Softening or loss of brain tissue following CEREBRAL INFARCTION; cerebral ischemia (see BRAIN ISCHEMIA), infection, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, or other injury. The term is often used during gross pathologic inspection to describe blurred cortical margins and decreased consistency of brain tissue following infarction. Multicystic encephalomalacia refers to the formation of multiple cystic cavities of various sizes in the cerebral cortex of neonates and infants following injury, most notably perinatal hypoxia-ischemic events. (From Davis et al., Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p665; J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 1995 Mar;54(2):268-75)	Cerebromalacia,Encephalomalacia, Multicystic,Multicystic Encephalomalacia,Cerebromalacias,Encephalomalacias,Encephalomalacias, Multicystic,Multicystic Encephalomalacias
D005865	Gestational Age	The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated from the onset of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization. It is also estimated to begin from fertilization, estrus, coitus, or artificial insemination.	Embryologic Age,Fetal Maturity, Chronologic,Chronologic Fetal Maturity,Fetal Age,Maturity, Chronologic Fetal,Age, Embryologic,Age, Fetal,Age, Gestational,Ages, Embryologic,Ages, Fetal,Ages, Gestational,Embryologic Ages,Fetal Ages,Gestational Ages
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000367	Age Factors	Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.	Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age
D014463	Ultrasonography	The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.	Echography,Echotomography,Echotomography, Computer,Sonography, Medical,Tomography, Ultrasonic,Ultrasonic Diagnosis,Ultrasonic Imaging,Ultrasonographic Imaging,Computer Echotomography,Diagnosis, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasound,Ultrasonic Tomography,Ultrasound Imaging,Diagnoses, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasounds,Imaging, Ultrasonic,Imaging, Ultrasonographic,Imaging, Ultrasound,Imagings, Ultrasonographic,Imagings, Ultrasound,Medical Sonography,Ultrasonic Diagnoses,Ultrasonographic Imagings,Ultrasound, Diagnostic,Ultrasounds, Diagnostic