Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Scoping Review. 2022

Brenda Caira-Chuquineyra, and Daniel Fernandez-Guzman, and David R Soriano-Moreno, and Jared Fernandez-Morales, and Kevin Flores-Lovon, and Sebastian A Medina-Ramírez, and Antony G Gonzales-Uribe, and Isabel P Pelayo-Luis, and Jose A Gonzales-Zamora, and Jorge Huaringa-Marcelo
Peruvian Epidemiological Research Group, Unit for the Generation and Synthesis of Health Evidence, San Ignacio de Loyola University, Lima, Peru.

The aim of this scoping review was to determine the characteristics of studies evaluating fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), as well as its effects and safety as a therapeutic intervention for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We conducted a scoping review following the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. We searched the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Medline until September 19, 2021. Studies that used FMT in people living with HIV and explored its effects on the health of these people were included. Two randomized and 2 uncontrolled clinical trials with a total of 55 participants were included. Participants were well-controlled HIV-infected people. Regarding microbiota changes, three studies found significant post-FMT increases in Fusobacterium, Prevotella, α-diversity, Chao index, and/or Shannon index, and/or decreases in Bacteroides. Regarding markers of intestinal damage, one study found a decrease in intestinal fatty acid binding protein post-FMT, and another study found an increase in zonulin. Other outcomes evaluated by the studies were as follows: markers of immune and inflammatory activation, markers of immunocompetence (CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes), and HIV viral load; however, none showed significant changes. Clinical outcomes were not evaluated by these studies. Regarding the safety of FMT, only mild adverse events were appreciated. No serious adverse event was reported. The clinical evidence for FMT in people living with HIV is sparse. FMT appears to have good tolerability and, no serious adverse event has been reported so far. Further clinical trials and evaluation of clinically important biomedical outcomes for FMT in people living with HIV are needed.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D005243 Feces Excrement from the INTESTINES, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and BACTERIA of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
D006678 HIV Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2. AIDS Virus,HTLV-III,Human Immunodeficiency Viruses,Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type III,Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III,LAV-HTLV-III,Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus,Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Virus,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Virus,Human Immunodeficiency Virus,Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type III,Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type III,Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type III,Immunodeficiency Virus, Human,Immunodeficiency Viruses, Human,Virus, Human Immunodeficiency,Viruses, Human Immunodeficiency,AIDS Viruses,Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type III,Lymphadenopathy Associated Virus,Lymphadenopathy-Associated Viruses,Virus, AIDS,Virus, Lymphadenopathy-Associated,Viruses, AIDS,Viruses, Lymphadenopathy-Associated
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000069467 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Transfer of GASTROINTESTINAL MICROBIOTA from one individual to another by infusion of donor FECES to the upper or lower GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT of the recipient. Fecal Microbiome Transplantation,Fecal Microbiota Transfer,Fecal Microbiota Transplant,Intestinal Microbiome Transfer,Intestinal Microbiome Transplant,Intestinal Microbiome Transplantation,Intestinal Microbiota Transplant,Intestinal Microbiota Transplantation,Donor Feces Infusion,Fecal Transplant,Fecal Transplantation,Intestinal Microbiota Transfer,Donor Feces Infusions,Fecal Microbiome Transplantations,Fecal Microbiota Transfers,Fecal Microbiota Transplantations,Fecal Microbiota Transplants,Fecal Transplantations,Fecal Transplants,Feces Infusion, Donor,Feces Infusions, Donor,Infusion, Donor Feces,Infusions, Donor Feces,Intestinal Microbiome Transfers,Intestinal Microbiome Transplantations,Intestinal Microbiome Transplants,Intestinal Microbiota Transfers,Intestinal Microbiota Transplantations,Intestinal Microbiota Transplants,Microbiome Transfer, Intestinal,Microbiome Transfers, Intestinal,Microbiome Transplant, Intestinal,Microbiome Transplantation, Fecal,Microbiome Transplantation, Intestinal,Microbiome Transplantations, Fecal,Microbiome Transplantations, Intestinal,Microbiome Transplants, Intestinal,Microbiota Transfer, Fecal,Microbiota Transfer, Intestinal,Microbiota Transfers, Fecal,Microbiota Transfers, Intestinal,Microbiota Transplant, Fecal,Microbiota Transplant, Intestinal,Microbiota Transplantation, Fecal,Microbiota Transplantation, Intestinal,Microbiota Transplantations, Fecal,Microbiota Transplantations, Intestinal,Microbiota Transplants, Fecal,Microbiota Transplants, Intestinal,Transfer, Fecal Microbiota,Transfer, Intestinal Microbiome,Transfer, Intestinal Microbiota,Transfers, Fecal Microbiota,Transfers, Intestinal Microbiome,Transfers, Intestinal Microbiota,Transplant, Fecal,Transplant, Fecal Microbiota,Transplant, Intestinal Microbiome,Transplant, Intestinal Microbiota,Transplantation, Fecal,Transplantation, Fecal Microbiome,Transplantation, Fecal Microbiota,Transplantation, Intestinal Microbiome,Transplantation, Intestinal Microbiota,Transplantations, Fecal,Transplantations, Fecal Microbiome,Transplantations, Fecal Microbiota,Transplantations, Intestinal Microbiome,Transplantations, Intestinal Microbiota,Transplants, Fecal,Transplants, Fecal Microbiota,Transplants, Intestinal Microbiome,Transplants, Intestinal Microbiota
D013601 T-Lymphocytes Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen. T Cell,T Lymphocyte,T-Cells,Thymus-Dependent Lymphocytes,Cell, T,Cells, T,Lymphocyte, T,Lymphocyte, Thymus-Dependent,Lymphocytes, T,Lymphocytes, Thymus-Dependent,T Cells,T Lymphocytes,T-Cell,T-Lymphocyte,Thymus Dependent Lymphocytes,Thymus-Dependent Lymphocyte
D015658 HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HTLV-III Infections,HTLV-III-LAV Infections,T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human,HIV Coinfection,Coinfection, HIV,Coinfections, HIV,HIV Coinfections,HIV Infection,HTLV III Infections,HTLV III LAV Infections,HTLV-III Infection,HTLV-III-LAV Infection,Infection, HIV,Infection, HTLV-III,Infection, HTLV-III-LAV,Infections, HIV,Infections, HTLV-III,Infections, HTLV-III-LAV,T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human
D016032 Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Works about clinical trials that involve at least one test treatment and one control treatment, concurrent enrollment and follow-up of the test- and control-treated groups, and in which the treatments to be administered are selected by a random process, such as the use of a random-numbers table. Clinical Trials, Randomized,Controlled Clinical Trials, Randomized,Trials, Randomized Clinical
D016896 Treatment Outcome Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series. Rehabilitation Outcome,Treatment Effectiveness,Clinical Effectiveness,Clinical Efficacy,Patient-Relevant Outcome,Treatment Efficacy,Effectiveness, Clinical,Effectiveness, Treatment,Efficacy, Clinical,Efficacy, Treatment,Outcome, Patient-Relevant,Outcome, Rehabilitation,Outcome, Treatment,Outcomes, Patient-Relevant,Patient Relevant Outcome,Patient-Relevant Outcomes

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