Biomaterial Database

Metronidazole (flagyl) and misonidazole (Ro-07-0582): reduction by facultative anaerobes and cytotoxic action on hypoxic bacteria and mammalian cells in vivo. 1978

S H Basag, and J R Dunlop, and A J Searle, and R L Willson

The toxic actions of the "nitro" radiosensitizers, metronidazole and misonidazole on the bacteria E. coli B/r and Serratia marcescens have been investigated under anareobic and aerobic conditions. The rates of reduction of the drugs by suspensions of these bacteria as well as by suspensions microorganisms from the rat caecum have been measured. Both drugs were reduced or were toxic only under anaerobic conditions. In all instances misonidazole was reduced more rapidly than metronidazole but metronidazole was more toxic. It is suggested that these phenomena may model those occurring with hypoxic mammalian cells in vivo and that care should be taken before automatically extrapolating in vitro data to the in vivo situation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008795	Metronidazole	A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.	2-Methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol,Bayer 5360,Clont,Danizol,Flagyl,Gineflavir,Metric,MetroGel,Metrodzhil,Metrogyl,Metronidazole Hydrochloride,Metronidazole Monohydrochloride,Metronidazole Phosphate,Metronidazole Phosphoester,Satric,Trichazol,Trichopol,Trivazol,Vagilen,2 Methyl 5 nitroimidazole 1 ethanol
D009593	Nitroimidazoles	IMIDAZOLES having a nitro moiety.	Nitroimidazole
D010100	Oxygen	An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.	Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D004926	Escherichia coli	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.	Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D000693	Anaerobiosis	The complete absence, or (loosely) the paucity, of gaseous or dissolved elemental oxygen in a given place or environment. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	Anaerobic Metabolism,Anaerobic Metabolisms,Anaerobioses,Metabolism, Anaerobic,Metabolisms, Anaerobic
D012706	Serratia marcescens	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in soil, water, food, and clinical specimens. It is a prominent opportunistic pathogen for hospitalized patients.