Biomaterial Database

Serum cytokines to predict systemic lupus erythematosus clinical and serological activity. 2022

Victor Moreno-Torres, and Raquel Castejón, and María Martínez-Urbistondo, and Ángela Gutiérrez-Rojas, and Jose Vázquez-Comendador, and Pablo Tutor, and Pedro Durán-Del Campo, and Susana Mellor-Pita, and Silvia Rosado, and Juan-Antonio Vargas-Núñez

Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Internal Medicine Service, IDIPHIM (University Hospital Puerta de Hierro Research Institute), Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.

We aimed to explore the role of interleukin (IL)-6, interferon-gamma (IFNγ), IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as predictors of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) clinical and serological activity, and their correlation with the treatment received. We performed a retrospective analysis of 77 patients with SLE according to the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinics (SLICC) criteria. The outcomes were serological activity (SA), active disease (AD), complete remission (CR), the low-disease activity state (LDAS), and immunosuppressive treatment. SA was present in 17.1%, AD in 17.3%, CR in 13%, and LDAS in 64.9% of patients. IL-6 values were higher in patients in SA, in AD, in those receiving steroids alone, and in patients without CR or LDAS (p < 0.05). IFNγ was associated with anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies positivity and immunosuppression, whereas IL-10 values were higher in patients with CR (p < 0.05). The IL6-IFN product was able to predict anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies positivity (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC-ROC] = 0.705, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.563-0.847), SA (AUC-ROC = 0.720, 95% CI 0.542-0.899), AD (AUC-ROC = 0.701, 95% CI 0.520-0.882), steroid treatment (AUC-ROC = 0.751, 95% CI 0.622-0.879), and the absence of LDAS (AUC-ROC = 0.700, 95% CI 0.558-0.834). The IL6-IFN/IL10 ratio predicted AD (AUC-ROC = 0.742, 955 CI 0.540-0.944), steroid treatment (AUC-ROC = 0.721, 95% CI 0.572-0.870), and the absence of LDAS (AUC-ROC = 0.694, 95% CI 0.536-0.853). In conclusion, IL-6, IL-10, and IFNγ might help to assess SLE serological and clinical activity. Their combination in the IL-6-IFN product and the IL-6xIFN to IL-10 ratio results in novel tools to determine and predict SA, AD, and LDAS. Prompt detection of SLE activity might allow a rapid intervention to avoid established or chronic damage.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008180	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic	A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.	Libman-Sacks Disease,Lupus Erythematosus Disseminatus,Systemic Lupus Erythematosus,Disease, Libman-Sacks,Libman Sacks Disease
D004247	DNA	A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).	DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000974	Antibodies, Antinuclear	Autoantibodies directed against various nuclear antigens including DNA, RNA, histones, acidic nuclear proteins, or complexes of these molecular elements. Antinuclear antibodies are found in systemic autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, polymyositis, and mixed connective tissue disease.	Anti-DNA Antibodies,Antibodies, Anti-DNA,Antinuclear Antibodies,Antinuclear Autoantibodies,Antinuclear Autoantibody,Antinuclear Factors,Antinuclear Antibody,Antinuclear Factor,Anti DNA Antibodies,Antibody, Antinuclear,Autoantibody, Antinuclear,Factor, Antinuclear
D012189	Retrospective Studies	Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.	Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective
D015850	Interleukin-6	A cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-LYMPHOCYTES and is also a growth factor for HYBRIDOMAS and plasmacytomas. It is produced by many different cells including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and FIBROBLASTS.	Hepatocyte-Stimulating Factor,Hybridoma Growth Factor,IL-6,MGI-2,Myeloid Differentiation-Inducing Protein,Plasmacytoma Growth Factor,B Cell Stimulatory Factor-2,B-Cell Differentiation Factor,B-Cell Differentiation Factor-2,B-Cell Stimulatory Factor 2,B-Cell Stimulatory Factor-2,BSF-2,Differentiation Factor, B-Cell,Differentiation Factor-2, B-Cell,IFN-beta 2,IL6,Interferon beta-2,B Cell Differentiation Factor,B Cell Differentiation Factor 2,B Cell Stimulatory Factor 2,Differentiation Factor 2, B Cell,Differentiation Factor, B Cell,Differentiation-Inducing Protein, Myeloid,Growth Factor, Hybridoma,Growth Factor, Plasmacytoma,Hepatocyte Stimulating Factor,Interferon beta 2,Interleukin 6,Myeloid Differentiation Inducing Protein,beta-2, Interferon
D016207	Cytokines	Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.	Cytokine
D016753	Interleukin-10	A cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including T-LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; DENDRITIC CELLS; and EPITHELIAL CELLS that exerts a variety of effects on immunoregulation and INFLAMMATION. Interleukin-10 combines with itself to form a homodimeric molecule that is the biologically active form of the protein.	IL-10,CSIF-10,Cytokine Synthesis Inhibitory Factor,IL10,Interleukin 10