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[Gene relA function in the expression of amino acid operons. II. Effect of the allelic state of gene relA on the overproduction of threonine by an Escherichia coli K-12 mutant resistant to beta-hydroxynorvaline]. 1978

M M Gusiatiner, and N I Zhdanova, and V A Livshits, and G G Zaigraeva, and R S Shakulov

Mutants, resistant to threonine analogue, DL-alpha-amino-beta-hydroxyvaleric acid, were obtained after the treatment of Escherichia coli K-12 RelA- cells with nitrosoguanidine, and among them the strain with maximal threonine production (about 3g/l) was selected. Genetic and biochemical analysis of the producer has revealed the dependency of the threonine production on at least three mutations. The mutation in the thrA gene disturbs retroinhibition of homoserine dehydrogenase by threonine. The mutation in the ilvA gene decreases the activity of threonine deaminase, and thus results in partial isoleucine auxotrophy, and finally, the reversion in the relA gene restores the stringent amino acid control of RNA synthesis in threonine producer cells. The role of relA gene in threonine production was demonstrated by comparing pairs of strains differing from one another in the allelic state of the relA gene. The level of threonine synthesis (its intra- and extracellular concentrations) during moderate isoleucine starvation in RelA+ cells 2-3 times as high as in RelA- cells. The presence of relA+ allele is found to result in the increase of the cell resistance to DL-alpha-amino-beta-hydroxyvaleric acid.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007532 Isoleucine An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels. Alloisoleucine,Isoleucine, L-Isomer,L-Isoleucine,Isoleucine, L Isomer,L-Isomer Isoleucine
D009154 Mutation Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations. Mutations
D004352 Drug Resistance, Microbial The ability of microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to chemotherapeutic agents, antimicrobial agents, or antibiotics. This resistance may be acquired through gene mutation or foreign DNA in transmissible plasmids (R FACTORS). Antibiotic Resistance,Antibiotic Resistance, Microbial,Antimicrobial Resistance, Drug,Antimicrobial Drug Resistance,Antimicrobial Drug Resistances,Antimicrobial Resistances, Drug,Drug Antimicrobial Resistance,Drug Antimicrobial Resistances,Drug Resistances, Microbial,Resistance, Antibiotic,Resistance, Drug Antimicrobial,Resistances, Drug Antimicrobial
D004926 Escherichia coli A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc. Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D006715 Homoserine Dehydrogenase An enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of aspartic beta-semialdehyde to homoserine, which is the branch point in biosynthesis of methionine, lysine, threonine and leucine from aspartic acid. EC 1.1.1.3. Dehydrogenase, Homoserine
D000483 Alleles Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product. Allelomorphs,Allele,Allelomorph
D013912 Threonine An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins. L-Threonine,L Threonine
D014161 Transduction, Genetic The transfer of bacterial DNA by phages from an infected bacterium to another bacterium. This also refers to the transfer of genes into eukaryotic cells by viruses. This naturally occurring process is routinely employed as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE. Genetic Transduction,Genetic Transductions,Transductions, Genetic

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