Biomaterial Database

MR Imaging Knee Synovitis and Synovial Pathology. 2022

Carissa M White, and William W Kesler, and Lane Miner, and Donald Flemming

Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, MCH066, Hershey, PA 17033, USA. Electronic address: cwhite8@pennstatehealth.psu.edu.

Knee synovitis is a common, but nonspecific finding on MR imaging in patients with knee pain, with causes ranging from post-traumatic and osteoarthritis to inflammatory and infectious causes. Synovial thickening, joint effusion, and synovial enhancement are present across the spectrum of etiologies and do not allow differentiation between them in most instances. This article reviews synovial physiology and MR imaging of the normal synovium and synovitis, with discussion of specific pathologies and limited signs that suggest one diagnosis over another. Intravenous contrast is helpful across the spectrum of pathologies to distinguish joint fluid from synovial proliferation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007719	Knee Joint	A synovial hinge connection formed between the bones of the FEMUR; TIBIA; and PATELLA.	Superior Tibiofibular Joint,Joint, Knee,Joint, Superior Tibiofibular,Knee Joints,Superior Tibiofibular Joints,Tibiofibular Joint, Superior
D008279	Magnetic Resonance Imaging	Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.	Chemical Shift Imaging,MR Tomography,MRI Scans,MRI, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Image,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional,Magnetization Transfer Contrast Imaging,NMR Imaging,NMR Tomography,Tomography, NMR,Tomography, Proton Spin,fMRI,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Imaging, Chemical Shift,Proton Spin Tomography,Spin Echo Imaging,Steady-State Free Precession MRI,Tomography, MR,Zeugmatography,Chemical Shift Imagings,Echo Imaging, Spin,Echo Imagings, Spin,Functional MRI,Functional MRIs,Image, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, Magnetic Resonance,Imaging, NMR,Imaging, Spin Echo,Imagings, Chemical Shift,Imagings, Spin Echo,MRI Scan,MRIs, Functional,Magnetic Resonance Images,Resonance Image, Magnetic,Scan, MRI,Scans, MRI,Shift Imaging, Chemical,Shift Imagings, Chemical,Spin Echo Imagings,Steady State Free Precession MRI
D010146	Pain	An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	Suffering, Physical,Ache,Pain, Burning,Pain, Crushing,Pain, Migratory,Pain, Radiating,Pain, Splitting,Aches,Burning Pain,Burning Pains,Crushing Pain,Crushing Pains,Migratory Pain,Migratory Pains,Pains, Burning,Pains, Crushing,Pains, Migratory,Pains, Radiating,Pains, Splitting,Physical Suffering,Physical Sufferings,Radiating Pain,Radiating Pains,Splitting Pain,Splitting Pains,Sufferings, Physical
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013583	Synovial Membrane	The inner membrane of a joint capsule surrounding a freely movable joint. It is loosely attached to the external fibrous capsule and secretes SYNOVIAL FLUID.	Synovium,Membrana Synovialis Capsulae Articularis,Membrane, Synovial,Membranes, Synovial,Synovial Membranes
D013585	Synovitis	Inflammation of the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.	Plica Syndrome,Synovial Plica Syndrome,Synovial Hypertrophy,Synovial Thickening,Hypertrophies, Synovial,Hypertrophy, Synovial,Plica Syndrome, Synovial,Synovial Hypertrophies,Synovial Thickenings,Synovitides,Thickening, Synovial,Thickenings, Synovial
D020370	Osteoarthritis, Knee	Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019)	Osteoarthritis of Knee,Osteoarthritis of the Knee,Knee Osteoarthritides,Knee Osteoarthritis