Lateral Multimodal Learning in a Saudi EFL Context: Investigating the Perceptions of Teachers and M2E Female Learners. 2022

Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
Department of English Language, College of Arts and Sciences, Methnab, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.

Background: ELT scenario in Saudi Arabia has undergone a sea change since the pandemic. With an aim to maximize resource utilization and ensure wide learner base, college students (male and female) are taught simultaneously, the former in a face-to-face mode and the latter in an audio-only mode. The nomenclature given to this unique classroom design by the researchers is Lateral Multimodal Learning (LML), one which has its own advantages and disadvantages. This mode of learning puts a great deal of pressure on the teachers as they must attend to a huge number of students with different needs and levels of competence, whereas it ensures best utilization of infrastructural and human resources by the administrations. Being a newly developed educational model, it is important to assess the efficiency of this type of learning. Methods: This study evaluates the model from the point of view of students (99), using a questionnaire, and that of teachers (06), using semi-structured interviews. Results: The results show that Saudi female students present high perceptions of learning via LML (M=4.03); are satisfied with this type of learning (M= 3.81) and the aids applied in learning via LML (M= 4.02). Findings also show moderate perceptions on the difficulties they encountered while emerging in LML mode (M =3.39). Furthermore, the study shows correlation between the four domains, i.e., perceptions, satisfactions, challenges, and aid. The highest correlations were between perceptions and satisfactions (r=.719); perceptions and aids (r=.659), and satisfaction and aids (r=.656). The teachers' interviews show their agreement on the efficacy of LML as being professionally fulfilling and one that they would like to continue with in the future too. Conclusions: The study concludes with recommendations, which would be of great benefit and help for all parties or stakeholders involved.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007858 Learning Relatively permanent change in behavior that is the result of past experience or practice. The concept includes the acquisition of knowledge. Phenomenography
D008297 Male Males
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000163 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993. AIDS,Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired,Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired,Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome,Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes,Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes,Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired,Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes, Acquired,Immunodeficiency Syndromes, Acquired,Syndrome, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency,Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency,Syndromes, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency,Syndromes, Acquired Immunodeficiency
D012529 Saudi Arabia A country located in the Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen. The capital is Riyadh. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
D013334 Students Individuals enrolled in a school or formal educational program. School Enrollment,Enrollment, School,Enrollments, School,School Enrollments,Student
D058873 Pandemics Epidemics of infectious disease that have spread to many countries, often more than one continent, and usually affecting a large number of people. Pandemic

Related Publications

Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
January 2023, Frontiers in psychology,
Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
September 2023, Heliyon,
Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
April 2022, Journal of psycholinguistic research,
Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
January 2022, Frontiers in psychology,
Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
April 2023, Universal access in the information society,
Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
July 2023, Heliyon,
Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
January 2022, Frontiers in psychology,
Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
April 2019, Annals of dyslexia,
Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
January 2021, Frontiers in psychology,
Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, and Fahd Hamad Alqasham, and Mohammed Ali Mohammed Qarabesh
January 2022, Frontiers in psychology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!