The performance of the high-field MegaOrbitrap Fourier transform mass spectrometer (FT-MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI) was evaluated to perform petroleum sample characterization via classical petroleomics approaches. Pertinent parameters that underpin the main figures of merit, that is, signal to noise ratios, dynamic range, spectral error, scan speed, mass accuracy and mass resolving power = R p, and provide subsidies to develop these analyzers were tested. Comparisons are made with data obtained using the most common petroleomics instrument, which is a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS), that has been used in the last decade in our laboratory for crude oil analysis providing R p of 340 000 at m/z 400 with transients of 3 s duration, and has been extensively demonstrated to fulfill all major requirements for precise petroleomics investigations. The high-field compact MegaOrbitrap mass analyzer, when operated at an R p = 840 000 at m/z 400 (R p > 1 000 000 at m/z 200) with a detection time of 3 s, was found to be well suited for adequate characterization of crude oil. Accurate class classification and mass accuracy below 1 ppm was obtained leading to proper, comprehensive petroleomics characterization.