Biomaterial Database

Object Permanence and the Relationship to Sitting Development in Infants With Motor Delays. 2022

Mihee An, and Emily C Marcinowski, and Lin-Ya Hsu, and Jaclynn Stankus, and Karl L Jancart, and Michele A Lobo, and Stacey C Dusing, and Sarah W McCoy, and James A Bovaird, and Sandra Willett, and Regina T Harbourne

Kaya University, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea (Dr An); Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (Dr Marcinowski); University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (Drs Hsu and McCoy); Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Drs Stankus and Harbourne and Mr Jancart); University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware (Dr Lobo); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (Dr Dusing); University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Nebraska (Dr Bovaird); University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (Dr Willett).

This study examines object permanence development in infants with motor delays (MD) compared with infants with typical development (TD) and in relation to sitting skill. Fifty-six infants with MD (mean age = 10 months) and 36 with TD (mean age = 5.7 months) were assessed at baseline and then at 1.5, 3, and 6 months postbaseline. A scale was developed to measure object permanence (Object Permanence Scale [OPS]), and the Gross Motor Function Measure sitting subsection (GMFM-SS), and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd Edition (Bayley-III) were administered. Interrater reliability of the OPS was excellent and correlation between the OPS and Bayley-III cognitive scores was moderately positive. Compared with TD, infants with MD were delayed in development of object permanence but demonstrated increased understanding over time and as sitting skills improved. In children with MD, object permanence, as quantified by the OPS, emerges in conjunction with sitting skill.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D009048	Motor Skills	Performance of complex motor acts.	Motor Skill,Skill, Motor,Skills, Motor
D002657	Child Development	The continuous sequential physiological and psychological maturing of an individual from birth up to but not including ADOLESCENCE.	Infant Development,Development, Child,Development, Infant
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000077708	Sitting Position		Seated Position,Sitting,Position, Seated,Position, Sitting,Positions, Seated,Seated Positions,Sitting Positions
D015203	Reproducibility of Results	The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.	Reliability and Validity,Reliability of Result,Reproducibility Of Result,Reproducibility of Finding,Validity of Result,Validity of Results,Face Validity,Reliability (Epidemiology),Reliability of Results,Reproducibility of Findings,Test-Retest Reliability,Validity (Epidemiology),Finding Reproducibilities,Finding Reproducibility,Of Result, Reproducibility,Of Results, Reproducibility,Reliabilities, Test-Retest,Reliability, Test-Retest,Result Reliabilities,Result Reliability,Result Validities,Result Validity,Result, Reproducibility Of,Results, Reproducibility Of,Test Retest Reliability,Validity and Reliability,Validity, Face
D019957	Motor Skills Disorders	Marked impairments in the development of motor coordination such that the impairment interferes with activities of daily living. (From DSM-V)	Developmental Coordination Disorder,Coordination Disorder, Developmental,Developmental Coordination Disorders,Motor Skills Disorder