Distribution of canine distemper virus and nectin-4 in raccoon (Procyon lotor) skin. 2022

Pedro A Triana Garcia, and Andrew Cartoceti, and Verena K Affolter, and Kenneth Jackson, and M Kevin Keel, and Dalen Agnew, and Thomas Cooley, and Julie Melotti, and Scott D Fitzgerald, and Patricia A Pesavento
University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.

Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are abundant in urban/wildland interfaces and are key sources of canine distemper virus (CDV) outbreaks in domestic, zoo, and free-ranging wildlife species. CDV is pantropic, which provides multiple potential routes of transmission (urine, respiratory secretions, feces), but the specific role of skin as a target of infection, as a diagnostic sample, or as a potential source of environmental persistence and transmission is unknown. We have characterized the distribution of CDV and its known receptor, nectin-4, in skin samples of 36 raccoons. Even with skin samples that were grossly and histologically normal, immunohistochemistry of skin was useful in the diagnosis of CDV infection, which was found in both epithelium and endothelium. Nectin-4 was codistributed with cellular targets of viral infection. Skin secretions, shed keratinocytes, and hair of CDV infected raccoons are all potential environmental fomites.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D011821 Raccoons Carnivores of the genus Procyon of the family PROCYONIDAE. Two subgenera and seven species are currently recognized. They range from southern Canada to Panama and are found in several of the Caribbean Islands. Procyon,Procyons,Raccoon
D004216 Distemper A name for several highly contagious viral diseases of animals, especially canine distemper. In dogs, it is caused by the canine distemper virus (DISTEMPER VIRUS, CANINE). It is characterized by a diphasic fever, leukopenia, gastrointestinal and respiratory inflammation and sometimes, neurologic complications. In cats it is known as FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA. Canine Distemper,Distemper, Canine,Canine Distempers,Distempers,Distempers, Canine
D004217 Distemper Virus, Canine A species of MORBILLIVIRUS causing distemper in dogs, wolves, foxes, raccoons, and ferrets. Pinnipeds have also been known to contract Canine distemper virus from contact with domestic dogs. Canine Distemper Virus,Canine Distemper Viruses,Distemper Viruses, Canine
D004283 Dog Diseases Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used. Canine Diseases,Canine Disease,Disease, Canine,Disease, Dog,Diseases, Canine,Diseases, Dog,Dog Disease
D004285 Dogs The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065) Canis familiaris,Dog
D000075983 Nectins A family of calcium-independent cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily. They are expressed by most cell types and mediate both homotypic and heterotypic cell-cell adhesion. Nectins function in a variety of morphogenetic and developmental processes that include organogenesis of the eye, ear, tooth, and cerebral cortex; they also play roles in viral infection and cell proliferation. CD111 Antigen,CD112 Antigen,CD113 Antigen,Herpesvirus Entry Mediator C,HevC Protein,Human Poliovirus Receptor Related 1,Nectin,Nectin-1,Nectin-1delta,Nectin-2,Nectin-2alpha,Nectin-2delta,Nectin-2gamma,Nectin-3,Nectin1delta,PVRL1,Poliovirus Receptor-Related Protein 1,Prr1 Protein,Antigen, CD111,Antigen, CD112,Antigen, CD113,Nectin 1,Nectin 1delta,Nectin 2,Nectin 2alpha,Nectin 2delta,Nectin 2gamma,Nectin 3,Poliovirus Receptor Related Protein 1
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000835 Animals, Wild Animals considered to be wild or feral or not adapted for domestic use. It does not include wild animals in zoos for which ANIMALS, ZOO is available. Animals, Nondomestic,Animals, Nondomesticated,Animals, Feral,Stray Animals,Animal, Feral,Animal, Nondomestic,Animal, Nondomesticated,Animal, Stray,Animal, Wild,Animals, Stray,Feral Animal,Feral Animals,Nondomestic Animal,Nondomestic Animals,Nondomesticated Animal,Nondomesticated Animals,Stray Animal,Wild Animal,Wild Animals

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