Biomaterial Database

Sodium-dependent D-glucose transport in brush-border membrane vesicles after massive distal small bowel resection in the rat. 1987

W C Kwan, and G A Quamme, and H J Freeman

Massive small intestinal resection in the rat results in both structural and functional changes in the residual small bowel. Sodium-dependent D-glucose transport was examined in brush-border membrane vesicles derived from the proximal small bowel mucosa of male Sprague-Dawley rats 2 and 6 wk after a 66% distal jejunoileal resection or jejunoileal transection. Kinetic characteristics for the low-affinity, high-capacity system and high-affinity, low-capacity system were defined with rapid filtration under conditions of a zero-trans, 100 mM cis-NaSCN gradient. Mucosal weight, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid content were increased in the residual intestinal segment compared to transected controls and morphometric studies revealed increased villus and crypt heights as well as an increased mitotic index. Postresection mean kinetic parameters for D-glucose transport at 2 wk (low-affinity system: Km, 177.5 +/- 45.1 microM; Vmax, 3.73 +/- 0.99 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1; and high-affinity system: Km, 6.2 +/- 1.9 microM; Vmax, 0.12 +/- 0.06 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1) and 6 wk (low-affinity system: Km, 267.8 +/- 83.1 microM; Vmax, 0.06 +/- 0.01 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1; and high-affinity system: Km, 6.5 +/- 1.1 microM; Vmax, 0.06 +/- 0.01 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1) were similar to values post-transection at 2 wk (low-affinity system: Km, 280.4 +/- 53.7 microM; Vmax, 3.05 +/- 0.32 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1; and high-affinity system: Km, 9.1 +/- 1.3 microM; Vmax, 0.17 +/- 0.01 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1) and 6 wk (low-affinity system: Km, 271.7 +/- 17.5 microM; Vmax, 4.69 +/- 0.23 nmol X protein-1 X min-1; and high-affinity system: Km, 10.6 +/- 4.2 microM; Vmax, 0.16 +/- 0.09 nmol X mg protein-1 X min-1). These kinetic data suggest that the hyperplastic response in adapting proximal small bowel after distal resection is accompanied by a persistence of the membrane functional characteristics for both sodium-dependent D-glucose transport systems despite an altered pattern of enterocyte proliferation and differentiation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006965	Hyperplasia	An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	Hyperplasias
D007421	Intestine, Small	The portion of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT between the PYLORUS of the STOMACH and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE. It is divisible into three portions: the DUODENUM, the JEJUNUM, and the ILEUM.	Small Intestine,Intestines, Small,Small Intestines
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008297	Male		Males
D008871	Microvilli	Minute projections of cell membranes which greatly increase the surface area of the cell.	Brush Border,Striated Border,Border, Brush,Border, Striated,Borders, Brush,Borders, Striated,Brush Borders,Microvillus,Striated Borders
D011919	Rats, Inbred Strains	Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.	August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D005947	Glucose	A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.	Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001692	Biological Transport	The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.	Transport, Biological,Biologic Transport,Transport, Biologic