BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Formation of regulated and unregulated disinfection byproducts during chlorination and chloramination: Roles of dissolved organic matter type, bromide, and iodide. 2022

Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

Algal blooms and wastewater effluents can introduce algal organic matter (AOM) and effluent organic matter (EfOM) into surface waters, respectively. In this study, the impact of bromide and iodide on the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during chlorination and chloramination from various types of dissolved organic matter (DOM, e.g., natural organic matter (NOM), AOM, and EfOM) were investigated based on the data collected from literature. In general, higher formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) was observed in NOM than AOM and EfOM, indicating high reactivities of phenolic moieties with both chlorine and monochloramine. The formation of haloacetaldehydes (HALs), haloacetonitriles (HANs) and haloacetamides (HAMs) was much lower than THMs and HAAs. Increasing initial bromide concentrations increased the formation of THMs, HAAs, HANs, and HAMs, but not HALs. Bromine substitution factor (BSF) values of DBPs formed in chlorination decreased as specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) increased. AOM favored the formation of iodinated THMs (I-THMs) during chloramination using preformed chloramines and chlorination-chloramination processes. Increasing prechlorination time can reduce the I-THM concentrations because of the conversion of iodide to iodate, but this increased the formation of chlorinated and brominated DBPs. In an analogous way, iodine substitution factor (ISF) values of I-THMs formed in chloramination decreased as SUVA values of DOM increased. Compared to chlorination, the formation of noniodinated DBPs is low in chloramination.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007454 Iodides Inorganic binary compounds of iodine or the I- ion. Iodide
D001965 Bromides Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Bromide
D004202 Disinfectants Substances used on inanimate objects that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity. Disinfectants are classed as complete, destroying SPORES as well as vegetative forms of microorganisms, or incomplete, destroying only vegetative forms of the organisms. They are distinguished from ANTISEPTICS, which are local anti-infective agents used on humans and other animals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed) Biocide,Disinfectant,Biocides
D004203 Disinfection Rendering pathogens harmless through the use of heat, antiseptics, antibacterial agents, etc.
D000090422 Dissolved Organic Matter A heterogeneous class of water-soluble compounds containing covalently bound CARBON that are derived from a variety of biological and geological sources during the biogeochemical cycling of carbon (CARBON CYCLE). Dissolved Organic Carbon,Dissolved Organic Chemicals,Dissolved Organic Compounds,Dissolved Organic Nitrogen,Dissolved Organic Phosphorus,Carbon, Dissolved Organic,Nitrogen, Dissolved Organic,Organic Carbon, Dissolved,Organic Chemicals, Dissolved,Organic Compounds, Dissolved,Organic Matter, Dissolved,Organic Nitrogen, Dissolved,Organic Phosphorus, Dissolved,Phosphorus, Dissolved Organic
D014874 Water Pollutants, Chemical Chemical compounds which pollute the water of rivers, streams, lakes, the sea, reservoirs, or other bodies of water. Chemical Water Pollutants,Landfill Leachate,Leachate, Landfill,Pollutants, Chemical Water
D054879 Halogenation Covalent attachment of HALOGENS to other compounds. Bromination,Chlorination,Fluorination,Iodination,Iodation
D018508 Water Purification Any of several processes in which undesirable impurities in water are removed or neutralized; for example, chlorination, filtration, primary treatment, ion exchange, and distillation. It includes treatment of WASTEWATER to provide potable and hygienic water in a controlled or closed environment as well as provision of public drinking water supplies. Waste Water Purification,Waste Water Treatment,Wastewater Purification,Wastewater Treatment,Water Treatment,Purification, Waste Water,Purification, Wastewater,Purification, Water,Treatment, Waste Water,Treatment, Wastewater,Treatment, Water,Waste Water Purifications,Waste Water Treatments,Water Purification, Waste
D022882 Trihalomethanes Methanes substituted with three halogen atoms, which may be the same or different. Trihalomethane

Related Publications

Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Formation characteristics of disinfection byproducts from four different algal organic matter during chlorination and chloramination.
December 2022, Chemosphere,
Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Changes in dissolved organic matter fluorescence and disinfection byproduct formation from UV and subsequent chlorination/chloramination.
January 2014, Journal of hazardous materials,
Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Formation of disinfection byproducts upon chlorine dioxide preoxidation followed by chlorination or chloramination of natural organic matter.
June 2013, Chemosphere,
Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Effect of bromide and iodide ions on the formation and speciation of disinfection byproducts during chlorination.
May 2006, Environmental science & technology,
Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Formation of organic chloramines during water disinfection: chlorination versus chloramination.
May 2009, Water research,
Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Formation and toxicity of brominated disinfection byproducts during chlorination and chloramination of water: a review.
January 2014, Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes,
Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Evaluation of disinfection by-products formation during chlorination and chloramination of dissolved natural organic matter fractions isolated from a filtered river water.
February 2009, Journal of hazardous materials,
Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Toxicity of Wastewater with Elevated Bromide and Iodide after Chlorination, Chloramination, or Ozonation Disinfection.
August 2017, Environmental science & technology,
Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Formation of known and unknown disinfection by-products from natural organic matter fractions during chlorination, chloramination, and ozonation.
June 2017, The Science of the total environment,
Yunsi Liu, and Keqiang Liu, and Michael J Plewa, and Tanju Karanfil, and Chao Liu
Occurrence of dissolved black carbon in source water and disinfection byproducts formation during chlorination.
August 2022, Journal of hazardous materials,
Copied contents to your clipboard!