Biomaterial Database

Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on pulmonary function and blood gases of infants with respiratory distress syndrome. 1978

C P Richardson, and A L Jung

Nitrogen washout measurements and blood-gas analyses were made on 32 newborn infants with severe RDS at continuous positive airway pressures (CPAP) of 5, 10, and 15 cm H2O. Increases in airway pressure resulted in significant increases in PaO2 and functional residual capacity (FRC). It also produced significant decreases in alveolar turnover rates of the "fast" and "slow" alveolar spaces of a two-space lung model. Changes in CPAP did not significantly affect the distribution of ventilation. The changes in PaO2, due to changes in CPAP, did not correlate well with changes in FRC/wt nor with changes in alveolar turnover rates. Thus, the effects of increasing CPAP on PaO2 were not simply due to increases in FRC. The changes in PaO2 are due to a complex relationship between changes in FRC, alveolar turnover rates, and to other alterations in cardiopulmonary function that are yet to be fully understood.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D010100	Oxygen	An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.	Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D011175	Positive-Pressure Respiration	A method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, thus reducing the shunting of blood through the lungs and improving gas exchange.	Positive End-Expiratory Pressure,Positive-Pressure Ventilation,End-Expiratory Pressure, Positive,End-Expiratory Pressures, Positive,Positive End Expiratory Pressure,Positive End-Expiratory Pressures,Positive Pressure Respiration,Positive Pressure Ventilation,Positive-Pressure Respirations,Positive-Pressure Ventilations,Pressure, Positive End-Expiratory,Pressures, Positive End-Expiratory,Respiration, Positive-Pressure,Respirations, Positive-Pressure,Ventilation, Positive-Pressure,Ventilations, Positive-Pressure
D012127	Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn	A condition of the newborn marked by DYSPNEA with CYANOSIS, heralded by such prodromal signs as dilatation of the alae nasi, expiratory grunt, and retraction of the suprasternal notch or costal margins, mostly frequently occurring in premature infants, children of diabetic mothers, and infants delivered by cesarean section, and sometimes with no apparent predisposing cause.	Infantile Respiratory Distress Syndrome,Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome,Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Infant
D002245	Carbon Dioxide	A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.	Carbonic Anhydride,Anhydride, Carbonic,Dioxide, Carbon
D005652	Functional Residual Capacity	The volume of air remaining in the LUNGS at the end of a normal, quiet expiration. It is the sum of the RESIDUAL VOLUME and the EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME. Common abbreviation is FRC.	Capacities, Functional Residual,Capacity, Functional Residual,Functional Residual Capacities,Residual Capacities, Functional,Residual Capacity, Functional
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man