Disseminated strongyloidiasis after prolonged treatment with corticosteroids. 2022

Caitlin Mahoney, and Carina Murphy Brown, and Brittany McIntyre, and Sara Neal
Family Medicine, Cone Health, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.

Strongyloides stercoralis is a helminth found in the soil and transmitted to humans through larval penetration of the skin. It is endemic across most of the tropical regions of the world. Infection with S. stercoralis commonly causes minimal or mild symptoms. This case report describes an interesting final diagnosis for a woman presenting with persistent nausea, vomiting and epigastric pain. Her evaluation included imaging and oesophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy. Her biopsy results revealed oesophageal candidiasis and disseminated strongyloidiasis. Important historical clues in this case included previous prolonged treatment with steroids, recent diagnosis of gram-negative bacteraemia, prior residence in Rwanda, and unknown predeparture treatment for S. stercoralis She was ultimately treated with fluconazole and ivermectin with marked improvement in her symptoms.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007559 Ivermectin A mixture of mostly avermectin H2B1a (RN 71827-03-7) with some avermectin H2B1b (RN 70209-81-3), which are macrolides from STREPTOMYCES avermitilis. It binds glutamate-gated chloride channel to cause increased permeability and hyperpolarization of nerve and muscle cells. It also interacts with other CHLORIDE CHANNELS. It is a broad spectrum antiparasitic that is active against microfilariae of ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS but not the adult form. Eqvalan,Ivomec,MK-933,Mectizan,Stromectol,MK 933,MK933
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000305 Adrenal Cortex Hormones HORMONES produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX, including both steroid and peptide hormones. The major hormones produced are HYDROCORTISONE and ALDOSTERONE. Adrenal Cortex Hormone,Corticoid,Corticoids,Corticosteroid,Corticosteroids,Cortex Hormone, Adrenal,Hormone, Adrenal Cortex,Hormones, Adrenal Cortex
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013322 Strongyloidiasis Infection with nematodes of the genus STRONGYLOIDES. The presence of larvae may produce pneumonitis and the presence of adult worms in the intestine could lead to moderate to severe diarrhea. Anguilluliasis,Anguilluliases,Strongyloidiases
D017171 Strongyloides stercoralis A species of parasitic nematode widely distributed in tropical and subtropical countries. The females and their larvae inhabit the mucosa of the intestinal tract, where they cause ulceration and diarrhea. Strongyloides stercorali,stercoralis, Strongyloides

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