Phylogenetic and Multiple-Locus Variable number tandem repeat analysis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from Argentina. 2022

Brenda Vasini, and Pablo Farace, and Amadio Ariel, and Karina Cirone, and Laura Mendez, and Claudia Morsella, and Pablo Fresia, and Gregorio Iraola, and Andrea Gioffré, and Fernando Paolicchi
Laboratorio de Bacteriología-Grupo de Sanidad Animal, Unidad Integrada INTA-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina. vasinibrenda@gmail.com.

Paratuberculosis is a worldwide chronic enteric disease of ruminants, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). While MAP has been widely investigated all around the world, little is known about the different strains that circulate in each country. This study describes the genetic diversity of MAP isolates from different bovine and deer herds from Argentina, analyzed by Multiple-Locus Variable number tandem repeat Analysis (MLVA), as well as the phylogenetic relatedness between geographically distant isolates through Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) and core-genome analysis. A total of 90 MAP isolates were analyzed. The results showed seven different MLVA genotypes, with almost 75% of them belonging to pattern INMV 1, described in all the herds studied. WGS results suggested the presence of a common INMV 1 strain circulating throughout the country. Our results allow confirming the coexistence of different strains in time and space and the mixed infections identified in some animals. These observations suggest the absence of animal monitoring prior to introduction to the herds and the need for a control program in the country. This study represents the first to report WGS of MAP strains in Argentina.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D010802 Phylogeny The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup. Community Phylogenetics,Molecular Phylogenetics,Phylogenetic Analyses,Phylogenetic Analysis,Phylogenetic Clustering,Phylogenetic Comparative Analysis,Phylogenetic Comparative Methods,Phylogenetic Distance,Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares,Phylogenetic Groups,Phylogenetic Incongruence,Phylogenetic Inference,Phylogenetic Networks,Phylogenetic Reconstruction,Phylogenetic Relatedness,Phylogenetic Relationships,Phylogenetic Signal,Phylogenetic Structure,Phylogenetic Tree,Phylogenetic Trees,Phylogenomics,Analyse, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic,Analysis, Phylogenetic Comparative,Clustering, Phylogenetic,Community Phylogenetic,Comparative Analysis, Phylogenetic,Comparative Method, Phylogenetic,Distance, Phylogenetic,Group, Phylogenetic,Incongruence, Phylogenetic,Inference, Phylogenetic,Method, Phylogenetic Comparative,Molecular Phylogenetic,Network, Phylogenetic,Phylogenetic Analyse,Phylogenetic Clusterings,Phylogenetic Comparative Analyses,Phylogenetic Comparative Method,Phylogenetic Distances,Phylogenetic Group,Phylogenetic Incongruences,Phylogenetic Inferences,Phylogenetic Network,Phylogenetic Reconstructions,Phylogenetic Relatednesses,Phylogenetic Relationship,Phylogenetic Signals,Phylogenetic Structures,Phylogenetic, Community,Phylogenetic, Molecular,Phylogenies,Phylogenomic,Reconstruction, Phylogenetic,Relatedness, Phylogenetic,Relationship, Phylogenetic,Signal, Phylogenetic,Structure, Phylogenetic,Tree, Phylogenetic
D002417 Cattle Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor. Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002418 Cattle Diseases Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus. Bovine Diseases,Bovine Disease,Cattle Disease,Disease, Bovine,Disease, Cattle,Diseases, Bovine,Diseases, Cattle
D003670 Deer The family Cervidae of 17 genera and 45 species occurring nearly throughout North America, South America, and Eurasia, on most associated continental islands, and in northern Africa. Wild populations of deer have been established through introduction by people in Cuba, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and other places where the family does not naturally occur. They are slim, long-legged and best characterized by the presence of antlers. Their habitat is forests, swamps, brush country, deserts, and arctic tundra. They are usually good swimmers; some migrate seasonally. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1362) Deers
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001118 Argentina Country located in southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Chile and Uruguay.
D016927 Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis A subspecies of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria. It is the etiologic agent of Johne's disease (PARATUBERCULOSIS), a chronic GASTROENTERITIS in RUMINANTS. Mycobacterium paratuberculosis,Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis,Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis
D018598 Minisatellite Repeats Tandem arrays of moderately repetitive, short (10-60 bases) DNA sequences which are found dispersed throughout the GENOME, at the ends of chromosomes (TELOMERES), and clustered near telomeres. Their degree of repetition is two to several hundred at each locus. Loci number in the thousands but each locus shows a distinctive repeat unit. Minisatellite,Minisatellite Repeat,VNTR Loci,VNTR Region,VNTR Sequence,VNTR Sequences,Variable Number Of Tandem Repeat,Variable Number Tandem Repeat,Variable Number of Tandem Repeats,Variable Tandem Repeat,Minisatellites,Variable Number Tandem Repeats,Variable Tandem Repeats,Loci, VNTR,Locus, VNTR,Region, VNTR,Regions, VNTR,Repeat, Minisatellite,Repeat, Variable Tandem,Repeats, Minisatellite,Repeats, Variable Tandem,Sequence, VNTR,Sequences, VNTR,Tandem Repeat, Variable,Tandem Repeats, Variable,VNTR Locus,VNTR Regions

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