Mechanistic Basis for the Iridium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Allylation of Alkenyl Boronates. 2022

Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States.

Iridium(phosphoramidite) complexes catalyze an enantio- and diastereoselective three-component coupling reaction of alkenyl boronic esters, organolithium reagents, and secondary allylic carbonates. The reaction proceeds through an allylation-induced 1,2-metalate shift of the alkenyl boronate to form non-adjacent stereocenters. Mechanistic investigations outline the overall catalytic cycle and reveal trends in reactivity and selectivity. Analysis of relative stereochemistry in products derived from a variety of 1,1-disubtituted alkenyl boronates provides insight into the transition state of the addition and indicates a concerted pathway. Kinetic analysis of the reaction revealed the kinetic order dependence in boronate, the catalyst, and both the slow- and fast-reacting enantiomer of allylic carbonate as well as the turnover-limiting step of the reaction. Determination of nucleophile-specific parameters N and sN for alkenyl boronate complexes enabled comparison to other classes of nucleophiles. DFT calculations indicate the addition of the alkenyl boronate to the cationic Ir(π-allyl) intermediate and the 1,2-metalate shift occur in a concerted mechanism. The stereoselectivity is determined by ligand-substrate steric repulsions and dispersion interactions in the syn addition transition state. Hammett studies supported the computational results with regard to electronic trends observed with both aryl-derived alkenyl boronates and aryl carbonates.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007495 Iridium A metallic element with the atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.22.
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D002254 Carbonates Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Carbonate
D002384 Catalysis The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction. Catalyses
D013237 Stereoisomerism The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed) Molecular Stereochemistry,Stereoisomers,Stereochemistry, Molecular,Stereoisomer

Related Publications

Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
October 2009, Chemical communications (Cambridge, England),
Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
May 2020, Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English),
Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
August 2019, Chemical communications (Cambridge, England),
Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
April 2021, Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
September 2012, Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
June 2007, Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
May 2024, Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English),
Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
December 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
January 2009, Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English),
Colton R Davis, and Yue Fu, and Peng Liu, and Joseph M Ready
April 2019, Organic letters,
Copied contents to your clipboard!