Association between maternal smoke exposure and congenital heart defects from a case-control study in China. 2022

Changfei Deng, and Jie Pu, and Ying Deng, and Liang Xie, and Li Yu, and Lijun Liu, and Xiujing Guo, and Sven Sandin, and Hanmin Liu, and Li Dai
Department for Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.

There is a gap in knowledge how maternal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with offspring congenital heart defects (CHDs). In this case-control study, we collected data on 749 fetuses with CHDs and 880 fetuses without any congenital anomalies to examine the association of maternal ETS with fetal CHDs and the potentially moderating effect by maternal hazardous and noxious substances (HNS), periconceptional folate intake and paternal smoking. Maternal exposure to ETS in first trimester was associated with increased risk of CHDs in a dose-response gradient, with the AORs (95% CI) were1.38 (1.00-1.92), 1.60 (1.07-2.41), and 4.94 (2.43-10.05) for ETS < 1 h/day, 1-2 h/day, and ≥ 2 h/day, respectively. With the doubly unexposed group as reference categories, AORs for maternal ETS exposure ≥ 2 h/day in the absence of folate intake, in the presence of HNS exposure or paternal smoking, were 7.21, 11.43, and 8.83, respectively. Significant additive interaction between ETS exposure and maternal folate intake on CHDs was detected. Maternal ETS exposure during first trimester may increase the risk of offspring CHDs in a dose-response shape, and such effect may be modified by maternal folate intake or other potential factors.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D002681 China A country spanning from central Asia to the Pacific Ocean. Inner Mongolia,Manchuria,People's Republic of China,Sinkiang,Mainland China
D005260 Female Females
D005492 Folic Acid A member of the vitamin B family that stimulates the hematopoietic system. It is present in the liver and kidney and is found in mushrooms, spinach, yeast, green leaves, and grasses (POACEAE). Folic acid is used in the treatment and prevention of folate deficiencies and megaloblastic anemia. Pteroylglutamic Acid,Vitamin M,Folacin,Folate,Folic Acid, (D)-Isomer,Folic Acid, (DL)-Isomer,Folic Acid, Calcium Salt (1:1),Folic Acid, Monopotassium Salt,Folic Acid, Monosodium Salt,Folic Acid, Potassium Salt,Folic Acid, Sodium Salt,Folvite,Vitamin B9,B9, Vitamin
D006330 Heart Defects, Congenital Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life. Congenital Heart Disease,Heart Abnormalities,Abnormality, Heart,Congenital Heart Defect,Congenital Heart Defects,Defects, Congenital Heart,Heart Defect, Congenital,Heart, Malformation Of,Congenital Heart Diseases,Defect, Congenital Heart,Disease, Congenital Heart,Heart Abnormality,Heart Disease, Congenital,Malformation Of Heart,Malformation Of Hearts
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012307 Risk Factors An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, inborn or inherited characteristic, which, based on epidemiological evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent. Health Correlates,Risk Factor Scores,Risk Scores,Social Risk Factors,Population at Risk,Populations at Risk,Correlates, Health,Factor, Risk,Factor, Social Risk,Factors, Social Risk,Risk Factor,Risk Factor Score,Risk Factor, Social,Risk Factors, Social,Risk Score,Score, Risk,Score, Risk Factor,Social Risk Factor
D012906 Smoke Visible gaseous suspension of carbon and other particulate matter emitted from burning substances.
D014026 Nicotiana A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; the dried leaves of Nicotiana tabacum are used for SMOKING. Tobacco Plant,Nicotiana tabacum,Plant, Tobacco,Plants, Tobacco,Tobacco Plants
D014028 Tobacco Smoke Pollution Contamination of the air by tobacco smoke. Air Pollution, Tobacco Smoke,Environmental Pollution, Tobacco Smoke,Passive Smoking,Smoking, Passive,Environmental Smoke Pollution, Tobacco,Environmental Tobacco Smoke Pollution,Involuntary Smoking,Second Hand Smoke,Secondhand Smoke,Secondhand Smoking,Hand Smoke, Second,Hand Smokes, Second,Involuntary Smokings,Passive Smokings,Pollution, Tobacco Smoke,Pollutions, Tobacco Smoke,Second Hand Smokes,Secondhand Smokes,Secondhand Smokings,Smoke Pollution, Tobacco,Smoke Pollutions, Tobacco,Smoke, Second Hand,Smoke, Secondhand,Smokes, Second Hand,Smokes, Secondhand,Smoking, Involuntary,Smoking, Secondhand,Smokings, Involuntary,Smokings, Passive,Smokings, Secondhand,Tobacco Smoke Pollutions

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