Electrophilicity of Hoveyda-Grubbs Olefin Metathesis Catalysts as the Driving Force that Controls Initiation Rates. 2022

Juan Pablo Martínez, and Bartosz Trzaskowski
Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland.

The dissociative mechanism of initiation for a series of Hoveyda-Grubbs type metathesis catalysts modified at the para and meta positions in the isopropoxybenzylidene ligand is investigated by means of DFT calculations. The electron donating/withdrawing capacity of the ligand was screened through the incorporation of various substituents such as halogens, nitro, alkoxides, ketones, esters, amines, and amides. Variations in structural parameters, energy barriers for the Ru-O bond dissociation, and Ru-O bond strength were examined as a function of the Hammett constant. It was found that electronic properties of the catalysts such as chemical potential, hardness, and electrophilicity correlate linearly with the dissociative energy barriers. These findings enable a systematic rationalization and prediction of rate of precatalyst initiation through the calculation of only the HOMO-LUMO gap of catalysts, as the faster the initiation, the more electrophilic the catalyst.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008024 Ligands A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Ligand
D002384 Catalysis The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction. Catalyses
D004952 Esters Compounds derived from organic or inorganic acids in which at least one hydroxyl group is replaced by an –O-alkyl or another organic group. They can be represented by the structure formula RCOOR’ and are usually formed by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol with elimination of water. Ester
D000475 Alkenes Unsaturated hydrocarbons of the type Cn-H2n, indicated by the suffix -ene. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p408) Alkene,Olefin,Olefins,Pentene,Pentenes
D012428 Ruthenium A hard, brittle, grayish-white rare earth metal with an atomic symbol Ru, atomic number 44, and atomic weight 101.07. It is used as a catalyst and hardener for PLATINUM and PALLADIUM.

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