TXRF spectral information enhanced by multivariate analysis: A new strategy for food fingerprint. 2023

Ignazio Allegretta, and Giacomo Squeo, and Concetta Eliana Gattullo, and Carlo Porfido, and Antonio Cicchetti, and Francesco Caponio, and Stefano Cesco, and Carlo Nicoletto, and Roberto Terzano
Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy. Electronic address: ignazio.allegretta@uniba.it.

The increased costumers' request of safe and high-quality food products makes food traceability a priority for frauds identification and quality certification. Elemental profiling is one of the strategies used for food traceability, and TXRF spectroscopy is widely used in food analysis even if its potentialities have not been fully investigated. In this work, a new method for food traceability using directly TXRF spectra coupled with multivariate analyses, was tested. Twenty-four different beans' genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown onto two different sites have been studied. After the development of the method for beans' analysis, TXRF spectra were collected and processed with PCA combined with SNV and GLSW filter obtaining a perfect clustering of the seeds according to their geographical origin. Finally, using PLS-DA, beans were correctly classified demonstrating that TXRF spectra can be successfully used as fingerprint for food/seed traceability and that elemental quantification procedure is not necessary to this aim.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D012639 Seeds The encapsulated embryos of flowering plants. They are used as is or for animal feed because of the high content of concentrated nutrients like starches, proteins, and fats. Rapeseed, cottonseed, and sunflower seed are also produced for the oils (fats) they yield. Diaspores,Elaiosomes,Embryos, Plant,Plant Embryos,Plant Zygotes,Zygotes, Plant,Diaspore,Elaiosome,Embryo, Plant,Plant Embryo,Plant Zygote,Seed,Zygote, Plant
D015999 Multivariate Analysis A set of techniques used when variation in several variables are studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables. Analysis, Multivariate,Multivariate Analyses
D016002 Discriminant Analysis A statistical analytic technique used with discrete dependent variables, concerned with separating sets of observed values and allocating new values. It is sometimes used instead of regression analysis. Analyses, Discriminant,Analysis, Discriminant,Discriminant Analyses
D016018 Least-Squares Analysis A principle of estimation in which the estimates of a set of parameters in a statistical model are those quantities minimizing the sum of squared differences between the observed values of a dependent variable and the values predicted by the model. Rietveld Refinement,Analysis, Least-Squares,Least Squares,Analyses, Least-Squares,Analysis, Least Squares,Least Squares Analysis,Least-Squares Analyses,Refinement, Rietveld
D027805 Phaseolus A plant genus in the family FABACEAE which is the source of edible beans and the lectin PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS. Bean, Kidney,Bean, Tepary,Kidney Bean,Tepary Bean,Common Bean Plant,French Bean Plant,Phaseolus acutifolius,Phaseolus vulgaris,Bean Plant, Common,Bean Plant, French,Bean Plants, Common,Bean Plants, French,Beans, Kidney,Beans, Tepary,Common Bean Plants,French Bean Plants,Kidney Beans,Phaseolus vulgari,Plant, Common Bean,Plant, French Bean,Plants, Common Bean,Plants, French Bean,Tepary Beans,vulgaris, Phaseolus

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