Biomaterial Database

Leukotoxic activity in Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans isolated from periodontal disease patients. 1987

H Ohta, and S Kokeguchi, and K Fukui, and K Kato

Leukotoxic activity in Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans isolated from patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis (RP), gingivitis (G), and juvenile periodontitis (JP), and several oral bacteria, was determined by observation of morphological changes in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Many A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates yielded both rough-surfaced and umbonate-shaped colonies (A-type), and smooth-surfaced and convex-shaped colonies (B-type), when stock cultures were streaked on agar medium. Both types of cells were identical in terms of Gram stain, cell morphology, sugar fermentation profile, nitrate reduction and cellular fatty acid composition. Sonic extracts were prepared from 32 A. actinomycetemcomitans strains isolated from patients and from 3 American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains. Sonic extracts from 8 isolates and 2 ATCC strains induced sphering of PMNs during a 45-50 min period of incubation at 37 C. Extracts from the other oral bacteria had no effects on PMN morphology. The sphered PMNs were found by their fluorochromatic-negative reactions to be damaged cells. The leukotoxic substance was heat-sensitive (56 C, 30 min), trypsin-sensitive and did not induce sphering of PMNs at 4 C. There was no clear correlation between colony type and leukotoxicity. Among 8 leukotoxic strains, 5 were isolates from an RP patient.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009504	Neutrophils	Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.	LE Cells,Leukocytes, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils,Neutrophil Band Cells,Band Cell, Neutrophil,Cell, LE,LE Cell,Leukocyte, Polymorphonuclear,Neutrophil,Neutrophil Band Cell,Neutrophil, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil
D010518	Periodontitis	Inflammation and loss of connective tissues supporting or surrounding the teeth. This may involve any part of the PERIODONTIUM. Periodontitis is currently classified by disease progression (CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS; AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS) instead of age of onset. (From 1999 International Workshop for a Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, American Academy of Periodontology)	Pericementitis,Pericementitides,Periodontitides
D010520	Aggressive Periodontitis	Inflammation and loss of PERIODONTIUM that is characterized by rapid attachment loss and bone destruction in the presence of little local factors such as DENTAL PLAQUE and DENTAL CALCULUS. This highly destructive form of periodontitis often occurs in young people and was called early-onset periodontitis, but this disease also appears in old people.	Periodontitis, Juvenile,Periodontitis, Prepubertal,Periodontosis,Early-Onset Periodontitis,Juvenile Periodontitis,Periodontitis, Aggressive, 1,Periodontitis, Circumpubertal,Prepubertal Periodontitis,Circumpubertal Periodontitis,Early Onset Periodontitis,Early-Onset Periodontitides,Juvenile Periodontitides,Periodontitides, Early-Onset,Periodontitides, Juvenile,Periodontitis, Aggressive,Periodontitis, Early-Onset,Periodontoses
D005891	Gingivitis	Inflammation of gum tissue (GINGIVA) without loss of connective tissue.	Gingivitides
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000188	Actinobacillus	A genus of PASTEURELLACEAE described as gram-negative, nonsporeforming, nonmotile, facultative anaerobes. Most members are found both as pathogens and commensal organisms in the respiratory, alimentary, and genital tracts of animals.
D000189	Actinobacillus Infections	Infections with bacteria of the genus ACTINOBACILLUS.	Infections, Actinobacillus,Actinobacillus Infection,Infection, Actinobacillus
D001427	Bacterial Toxins	Toxic substances formed in or elaborated by bacteria; they are usually proteins with high molecular weight and antigenicity; some are used as antibiotics and some to skin test for the presence of or susceptibility to certain diseases.	Bacterial Toxin,Toxins, Bacterial,Toxin, Bacterial