[The role of epigenetics in malignant lymphoma]. 2022

Makoto Yamagishi
Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo.

Malignant lymphomas are a group of diseases in which epigenomic abnormalities are fundamental to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology and are characterized by a high frequency of abnormalities in DNA methylation regulators and histone modifiers. These epigenomic abnormalities directly amplify malignant clones. They also originated from a cell lineage differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells through epigenomic changes. These characteristics are associated with their high affinity for epigenomic therapies. Hematology has been a leader in the basic, clinical, and drug discovery areas of disease epigenetics. However, the epigenomic regulation is generally recognized as a complex system, and gaps are observed between basic and clinical studies. To overview the status and importance of "epigenomic abnormalities in malignant lymphoma," this review first summarizes the concept and essential importance of the epigenome and then outlines the current status and future perspective of epigenomic abnormalities in malignant lymphomas.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008223 Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue. Germinoblastoma,Lymphoma, Malignant,Reticulolymphosarcoma,Sarcoma, Germinoblastic,Germinoblastic Sarcoma,Germinoblastic Sarcomas,Germinoblastomas,Lymphomas,Lymphomas, Malignant,Malignant Lymphoma,Malignant Lymphomas,Reticulolymphosarcomas,Sarcomas, Germinoblastic
D006657 Histones Small chromosomal proteins (approx 12-20 kD) possessing an open, unfolded structure and attached to the DNA in cell nuclei by ionic linkages. Classification into the various types (designated histone I, histone II, etc.) is based on the relative amounts of arginine and lysine in each. Histone,Histone H1,Histone H1(s),Histone H2a,Histone H2b,Histone H3,Histone H3.3,Histone H4,Histone H5,Histone H7
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D044127 Epigenesis, Genetic A genetic process by which the adult organism is realized via mechanisms that lead to the restriction in the possible fates of cells, eventually leading to their differentiated state. Mechanisms involved cause heritable changes to cells without changes to DNA sequence such as DNA METHYLATION; HISTONE modification; DNA REPLICATION TIMING; NUCLEOSOME positioning; and heterochromatization which result in selective gene expression or repression. Epigenetic Processes,Epigenetic Process,Epigenetics Processes,Genetic Epigenesis,Process, Epigenetic,Processes, Epigenetic,Processes, Epigenetics
D057890 Epigenomics The systematic study of the global gene expression changes due to EPIGENETIC PROCESSES and not due to DNA base sequence changes. Epigenetics,Epigenetic,Epigenomic
D019175 DNA Methylation Addition of methyl groups to DNA. DNA methyltransferases (DNA methylases) perform this reaction using S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE as the methyl group donor. DNA Methylations,Methylation, DNA,Methylations, DNA

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