Biomaterial Database

Muscle dynamics: dependence of muscle length on changes in external load. 1987

A I Kostyukov

A phenomenological theory of muscle dynamics has been elaborated on the basis of data obtained in experiments on hind limb extensor muscles of narcotized cat. Functional dependence of muscle length on external load was explored in conditions of a constant frequency of the efferent stimulation. It was shown that the system under study could be presented for a rather wide class of input signals as a system with nonlinear statics and linear dynamics. The nonlinear statics was shown to be determined mainly by the hysteretical effects of muscle contraction, whereas dynamic element was described by the first order linear differential equation corresponding to the traditional three-component mechanical model of the muscle. A hypothesis was proposed to explain the hysteresis in active muscle on the basis of functioning of the troponin-tropomyosin regulatory complex. Elaborated mathematical model of muscle dynamics can be used to predict and evaluate changes in the muscle length evoked by arbitrary changes in the external load.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008433	Mathematics	The deductive study of shape, quantity, and dependence. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Mathematic
D008954	Models, Biological	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.	Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D003491	Cybernetics	That branch of learning which brings together theories and studies on communication and control in living organisms and machines.	Cybernetic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia